In the present world, almost all sectors make use of software applications or computer programs that require to be coded. Programming Language is a set of instructions used in specific notations to write computer programs. It, basically tells the computer what to do. All Programming languages are not the same, they fall under different types namely.
- Procedural Programming languages
- Functional Programming Languages
- Object-Oriented Programming Languages
- Scripting Programming Languages
- Logic Programming Languages
In this article, we are going to take a look into Object-oriented Programming Languages.
What is Object-Oriented Programming Language
The Object-oriented Programming Language is the one where the code revolves around the concept of objects. These objects are smaller parts of the code. In simple terms, a complex program is broken into smaller parts, say objects, and executed. Various functions and operations are performed on the objects. Thus, the object is the data with unique attributes and behavior. The blueprint of an object is called a Class. It is a prototype defining the variables and the methods. Further, there are four basic Object-Oriented Programming Concepts that one must know. They are Abstraction (the internal details are hidden and only the necessary details are available to the user), Inheritance ( Inheriting the properties of a superclass by a subclass ), Encapsulation ( wrapping of the data and methods into a single unit ), and Polymorphism ( a function or an object taking multiple forms ). Java, Python, and C++ are a few examples of Object-oriented programming languages.
Why Object-Oriented Programming Language?
Here are reasons why object-oriented programming language is preferred,
- It reduces the complexity of the program by breaking it into objects and classes.
- The development of programs is relatively faster with the help of its various features. Rich libraries are one of the features that enable faster development.
- The software is also easy to maintain and has simple updating processes.
- The three main highlighting factors include Modularity, Extensibility, and Reusability.
Top 10 Object-Oriented Programming(OOP) Languages That You can Learn in 2024
The following is a quick overview of the Top 10 Object-Oriented Programming Languages each developer must know. It includes Python, Java, C, C#, Ruby, and so on.
1. Python
Python Programming Language, which supports various programming paradigms is regarded as one of the advanced languages in programming. It is a high-level programming language most commonly used by programmers. It is used in building applications, automation, analysis of data, etc. Python is easy to learn. The syntax is simple and indentations play a key role. Python has got a lot of built-in packages, libraries, and plugins that help programmers in the development or analysis process. The libraries also enable Python for machine learning, web processing, etc. Data processing, visualizing, etc. are possible through data-focused libraries such as pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, etc. Python as an object-oriented programming language supports various OOPs concepts such as inheritance, encapsulation, etc.
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2. Java
Java Programming Language is class and object-based. Java is the most commonly used programming language in developing web applications. All of the OOPs concepts like encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism form the basics of Java programming language. Java is high-level, platform-independent, free, easy to learn, secure, and fast. The code is structured and could be reused. Java supports concurrency through concepts like multithreading and multitasking. The Java ecosystem includes Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), and Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Java is a language almost similar to C++ and C even though it shares common syntax and comment styles.
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3. C++
C++ is a programming language that supports object-oriented programming paradigms giving a clear structure to the code. C++ is an advanced version of C. Java is said to be influenced by C++. Browsers, software applications, operating systems, data structures, etc. can be developed using C++. It provides different types of memory management. A distinguishing factor in C++ is its support for destructors. It also supports lambda expressions (anonymous functions). C++ also works for other types of programming paradigms such as procedural, functional, etc. Hence it is powerful and flexible. Eclipse, Visual Studio Code, and Dev-C++ are the most commonly used Development Platforms for C++ programs.
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4. JavaScript
The widely used language in the World Wide Web is JavaScript. It is easy to learn and enables the creation of dynamic websites, control multimedia, animate objects, etc. It is a client-side scripting language. It allows the user to store and retrieve data on the device through IndexedDB or storage standards. JavaScript lets the user interact with web pages, say data forms, button functions, hovering text, and so on. The pros of JavaScript include its versatility, extended functionality, simplicity, and speed. As website building never gets old-fashioned, JavaScript is one useful skill to have in the current market.
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5. C#
C# belongs to the family of C. It also supports multiple programming paradigms such as functional, generic, declarative, etc. The memory and the processing power are economical. C# is often used in the .net platforms to develop professional, dynamic websites. It is also commonly used by game developers. C# is comparatively faster than Java as it uses a just-in-time compiler whereas the latter is said to use the ahead-of-time compiler. High scalability and the development of projects at a faster pace are the major highlights. Features such as Windows Server Automation make it the widely used language for backend development. ML.NET package provides functionalities for Machine Learning.
6. Ruby
Ruby, widely used for data processing, building servers, and web crawling is an object-oriented programming language. It is high-level and interpreted. As Ruby is a purely object-oriented programming language, all objects inherit from the class and share the methods defined. Code management is easy as Ruby language requires only minimum lines of code compared to other programming languages like java. Ruby is a server-side programming language similar to Python, PEARL, etc. Ruby’s syntax is almost the same as Python, which is simple and helps beginners to easily learn the language. Though Ruby is still widely used, JavaScript and Python have overpowered in most places.
7. PHP
PHP, Hypertext Preprocessor is an interpreted object-oriented programming language. It is a server-side scripting language that is usually embedded in HTML. Web Applications and static and dynamic websites are created using PHP. It performs actions such as addition, deletion, modification to the data in the server, opening and closing the files, etc. It is also used to encrypt the data. PHP is platform–independent and runs on various servers. There has been constant update with each version presenting advanced features to the users. Further, session tracking and database connectivity are also made easy with PHP. The installation and setup process is free and simple.
8. TypeScript
TypeScript is said to be JavaScript with syntax for types. Hence JavaScript may be referred to as the subset of TypeScript and the latter is the superset to the former. It is portable across all browsers. TypeScript also supports JavaScript libraries. As it supports object-oriented programming concepts like classes, interfaces, and inheritances, TypeScript falls under the object-oriented programming paradigm. The TypeScript code saved with an extension .ts is compiled by TypeScript Compiler (TSC). TSC converts the .ts file into a JavaScript file that is to an equivalent JavaScript source code. This process is referred to as Transpilation and this forms the local environmental setup.
9. Kotlin
Kotlin is a statically typed programming language. It provides code safety and helps to boost productivity which together satisfies the developer. It is widely used in Android Development. Apart from Android development, it is also used for data science, server-side applications, web development, etc. Kotlin is a mix of both object-oriented and functional programming paradigms. It is platform-independent and compatible with Java. It is best for beginners to go with Java however, with Kotlin code management is simple as it involves fewer lines of code. Kotlin is also more efficient and one of the best languages for back-end development.
10. R
R is a programming language widely used for analysis. Graphics representation, reporting, statistics, etc. are the key areas handled by R programming language and hence the users are mostly those who work with analysis of the data. R provides a wide range of operators for the purpose. The various statistical techniques supported by R are statistical tests, clustering, classification, and data reduction. Graphical representation is basically the visual representation of the data in the form of pie charts, bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, etc. In totality, R is a clear and accessible programming tool that runs on different platforms.
Conclusion
As we know, object-oriented programming languages are faster and easier to execute. It is simple to understand the code and helps to reuse and debug the code. The abovementioned are the various object-oriented programming languages that are to be known by a developer. Each language has its own distinguishing features, pros, cons, etc. Based on our project it is important to analyze and understand the language we are going to put into use. JavaScript and Python are said to be high in demand in recent times. Hope this article provided a quick overview and insights into object-oriented concepts and the programming language.
FAQs
How to choose one language among them?
While choosing any one language among them you should keep in mind several points such as the Scope of Language, Purpose, and Future Growth.
Which one is the best programming language for Web Developers?
For Web Developers Python, JavaScript, and PHP are preferred as it supports plenty of packages and it becomes easy for a developer to utilize them efficiently.
Which one is the best programming language for App Developers?
For App Developers Java and Kotlin are preferred as they are vast and have the best class representation structure which makes the development of large applications easy.
