Given a string. The task is to write a regular expression to check whether a string starts and ends with the same character.
Examples:
Input :
abba
Output :
Valid
Input :
a
Output :
Valid
Input :
abc
Output :
Invalid
Solution:
The input can be divide into 2 cases:
- Single character string: All single character strings satisfies the condition that they start and end with the same character. The regex for a string with only 1 character will be-
'^[a-z]$'
- Multiple character string: Here we need to check whether the first and the last character is same or not. We do this using \1. The regex will be-
'^([a-z]).*\1$'
The two regular expressions can be combined using |
'^[a-z]$|^([a-z]).*\1$'
In this program, we will use search() method of re module.
Below is the implementation.
Python3
# Python program to check if a string starts# and ends with the same character# import re module as it provides# support for regular expressionsimport re# the regular expressionregex = r'^[a-z]$|^([a-z]).*\1$'# function for checking the stringdef check(string): # pass the regular expression # and the string in the search() method if(re.search(regex, string)): print("Valid") else: print("Invalid") if __name__ == '__main__' : sample1 = "abba" sample2 = "a" sample3 = "abcd" check(sample1) check(sample2) check(sample3) |
Output :
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Time Complexity : O(n), where n is length of string
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
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