Counting sort is a sorting technique based on keys between a specific range. It works by counting the number of objects having distinct key values (kind of hashing). Then doing some arithmetic to calculate the position of each object in the output sequence.
Java
// Java implementation of Counting Sortimport java.io.*;public class CountingSort {Â Â Â Â void sort(char arr[])Â Â Â Â {Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â int n = arr.length;Â
        // The output character array that will have sorted arr        char output[] = new char[n];Â
        // Create a count array to store count of individual        // characters and initialize count array as 0        int count[] = new int[256];        for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)            count[i] = 0;Â
        // store count of each character        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)            ++count[arr[i]];Â
        // Change count[i] so that count[i] now contains actual        // position of this character in output array        for (int i = 1; i <= 255; ++i)            count[i] += count[i - 1];Â
        // Build the output character array        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {            output[count[arr[i]] - 1] = arr[i];            --count[arr[i]];        }Â
        // Copy the output array to arr, so that arr now        // contains sorted characters        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)            arr[i] = output[i];    }Â
    // Driver method    public static void main(String args[])    {        CountingSort ob = new CountingSort();        char arr[] = {'g', 'e', 'e', 'k', 's', 'f', 'o',                      'r', 'g', 'e', 'e', 'k', 's' };Â
        ob.sort(arr);Â
        System.out.print("Sorted character array is ");        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; ++i)            System.out.print(arr[i]);    }}/*This code is contributed by Rajat Mishra */ |
Output:Â
Sorted character array is eeeefggkkorss
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Time Complexity: O(n+k) where n is the number of elements in the input array and k is the range of input.Â
Auxiliary Space: O(n+k)
Please refer complete article on Counting Sort for more details!
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