In this article, we will cover how to compute the square root of complex inputs with scimath in Python using NumPy.
Example
Input: [-1 -2] Output: [0.+1.j 0.+1.41421356j] Explanation: Square root of complex input.
NumPy.emath.sqrt method
The np.emath.sqrt() method from the NumPy library calculates the square root of complex inputs. A complex value is returned for negative input elements unlike numpy.sqrt. which returns NaN.
Syntax: np.emath.sqrt()
Parameters:
- x: array like object. input array.
Return: out: scalar or ndarray.
Example 1:
If the array contains negative input values, complex numbers are returned in the output, and the shape, datatype, and dimensions of the array can be found by .shape , .dtype, and .ndim attributes.
Python3
import numpy as npÂ
# Creating an arrayarray = np.array([-1, -2])print(array)Â
# shape of the array isprint("Shape of the array is : ",array.shape)Â
# dimension of the arrayprint("The dimension of the array is : ",array.ndim)Â
# Datatype of the arrayprint("Datatype of our Array is : ",array.dtype)Â
# computing the square root of negative inputsprint(np.emath.sqrt(array)) |
Output:
[-1 -2] Shape of the array is : (2,) The dimension of the array is : 1 Datatype of our Array is : int64 [0.+1.j 0.+1.41421356j]
Time complexity: O(n), where n is the number of elements in the array.
Auxiliary space: O(n), as we are creating a new array of the same size as the input array to store the square roots of the negative inputs.
Example 2:
In this example, the NumPy package is imported. A 2-d complex array is created using NumPy.array() method and np.emath.sqrt() Â is used to compute the square root of complex inputs. The shape, datatype, and dimensions of the array can be found by .shape , .dtype, and .ndim attributes.
Python3
import numpy as npÂ
# Creating an arrayarray = np.array([complex(1,2),complex(3,5)])print(array)Â
# shape of the array isprint("Shape of the array is : ",array.shape)Â
# dimension of the arrayprint("The dimension of the array is : ",array.ndim)Â
# Datatype of the arrayprint("Datatype of our Array is : ",array.dtype)Â
# computing the square root of complex inputsprint(np.emath.sqrt(array)) |
Output:
[1.+2.j 3.+5.j] Shape of the array is : (2,) The dimension of the array is : 1 Datatype of our Array is : complex128 [1.27201965+0.78615138j 2.10130339+1.18973776j]
Time complexity: O(n), where n is the number of elements in the array.
Auxiliary space: O(n), where n is the number of elements in the array.
