Given two variables x and y, write a Python program to swap their values. Let’s see different methods in Python to do this task.
Method 1: Using Naive approach
The most naive approach is to store the value of one variable(say x) in a temporary variable, then assigning the variable x with the value of variable y. Finally, assign the variable y with the value of the temporary variable.
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# swapping of two variablesx = 10y = 50# Swapping of two variables# Using third variabletemp = xx = yy = tempprint("Value of x:", x)print("Value of y:", y) |
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
Method 2: Using comma operator
Using the comma operator the value of variables can be swapped without using a third variable.
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# swapping of two variablesx = 10y = 50# Swapping of two variables# without using third variablex, y = y, xprint("Value of x:", x)print("Value of y:", y) |
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
Method 3: Using XOR
The bitwise XOR operator can be used to swap two variables. The XOR of two numbers x and y returns a number which has all the bits as 1 wherever bits of x and y differ. For example XOR of 10 (In Binary 1010) and 5 (In Binary 0101) is 1111 and XOR of 7 (0111) and 5 (0101) is (0010).
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# Swapping of two variablesx = 10y = 50# Swapping using xorx = x ^ yy = x ^ yx = x ^ yprint("Value of x:", x)print("Value of y:", y) |
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
Method 4: Using arithmetic operators we can perform swapping in two ways.
- Using addition and subtraction operator :
The idea is to get sum in one of the two given numbers. The numbers can then be swapped using the sum and subtraction from sum.
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# swapping of two variablesx = 10y = 50# Swapping of two variables# using arithmetic operationsx = x + y y = x - y x = x - yprint("Value of x:", x)print("Value of y:", y) |
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
- Using multiplication and division operator :
The idea is to get multiplication of the two given numbers. The numbers can then be calculated by using the division.
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# swapping of two variablesx = 10y = 50# Swapping of two numbers# Using multiplication operatorx = x * yy = x / yx = x / yprint("Value of x : ", x)print("Value of y : ", y) |
Value of x : 50.0 Value of y : 10.0
Method 5: using Bitwise addition and subtraction for swapping.
Python3
#Python program to demonstrate#swapping of two numbersa = 5b = 1a = (a & b) + (a | b)b = a + (~b) + 1a = a + (~b) + 1print("a after swapping: ", a)print("b after swapping: ", b) |
a after swapping: 1 b after swapping: 5
