Data Modelling & AI Data Structure & Algorithm

Program to print ‘N’ alphabet using the number pattern from 1 to n

23 June 2025

1

Given an integer N, the task is to print the Alphabet N Pattern as given below:

1           1
2 2         2
3   3       3
*    *      *
*      *    *
*        *  *
N           N

Examples:

Input: N = 6
Output:
1           1
2  2        2
3    3      3
4      4    4
5        5  5
6           6

Input: N = 5
Output:
1         1
2  2      2
3    3    3
4      4  4
5         5

Approach: Except the first and the last row, every other row will follow the following:

Print the first value as index + 1 where index is the index of the row.
Then print blank spaces 2 * index times.
Again print the value index + 1 as the diagonal element for the current row.
Then print the rest of the 2 * (N – index – 1) blank spaces followed by the ending element which is again index + 1.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ implementation of the approach
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to print the desired Alphabet N Pattern
void Alphabet_N_Pattern(int N)
{
 
    int index, side_index, size;
 
    // Declaring the values of Right, Left and Diagonal values
    int Right = 1, Left = 1, Diagonal = 2;
 
    // Main Loop for the rows
    for (index = 0; index < N; index++) {
 
        // For the left Values
        cout << Left++;
 
        // Spaces for the diagonals
        for (side_index = 0; side_index < 2 * (index); side_index++)
            cout << " ";
 
        // Condition for the diagonals
        if (index != 0 && index != N - 1)
            cout << Diagonal++;
        else
            cout << " ";
 
        // Spaces for the Right Values
        for (side_index = 0; side_index < 2 * (N - index - 1); side_index++)
            cout << " ";
 
        // For the right values
        cout << Right++;
 
        cout << endl;
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    // Size of the Pattern
    int Size = 6;
 
    // Calling the function to print the desired Pattern
    Alphabet_N_Pattern(Size);
}

C

// C implementation of the approach
#include <stdio.h>
 
// Function to print the desired Alphabet N Pattern
void Alphabet_N_Pattern(int N)
{
 
    int index, side_index, size;
 
    // Declaring the values of Right, Left and Diagonal values
    int Right = 1, Left = 1, Diagonal = 2;
 
    // Main Loop for the rows
    for (index = 0; index < N; index++) {
 
        // For the left Values
        printf("%d", Left++);
 
        // Spaces for the diagonals
        for (side_index = 0; side_index < 2 * (index); side_index++)
            printf(" ");
 
        // Condition for the diagonals
        if (index != 0 && index != N - 1)
            printf("%d", Diagonal++);
        else
            printf(" ");
 
        // Spaces for the Right Values
        for (side_index = 0; side_index < 2 * (N - index - 1); side_index++)
            printf(" ");
 
        // For the right values
        printf("%d", Right++);
 
        printf("\n");
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    // Size of the Pattern
    int Size = 6;
 
    // Calling the function to print the desired Pattern
    Alphabet_N_Pattern(Size);
}

Java

// Java implementation of the approach
import java.util.*;
 
 
class solution
{
 
// Function to print the desired Alphabet N Pattern
static void Alphabet_N_Pattern(int N)
{
 
    int index, side_index, size;
 
    // Declaring the values of Right, Left and Diagonal values
    int Right = 1, Left = 1, Diagonal = 2;
 
    // Main Loop for the rows
    for (index = 0; index < N; index++) {
 
        // For the left Values
        System.out.print(Left++);
 
        // Spaces for the diagonals
        for (side_index = 0; side_index < 2 * (index); side_index++)
            System.out.print(" ");
 
        // Condition for the diagonals
        if (index != 0 && index != N - 1)
            System.out.print(Diagonal++);
        else
            System.out.print(" ");
 
        // Spaces for the Right Values
        for (side_index = 0; side_index < 2 * (N - index - 1); side_index++)
            System.out.print(" ");
 
        // For the right values
        System.out.print(Right++);
 
        System.out.println();
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String args[])
{
    // Size of the Pattern
    int Size = 6;
 
    // Calling the function to print the desired Pattern
    Alphabet_N_Pattern(Size);
}
 
}
 
// This code is contributed by
// Surendra_Gagwar

Python3

# Python 3 implementation of the approach
 
# Function to print the desired 
# Alphabet N Pattern
def Alphabet_N_Pattern(N):
     
    # Declaring the values of Right, Left 
    # and Diagonal values
    Right = 1
    Left = 1
    Diagonal = 2
 
    # Main Loop for the rows
    for index in range(N):
         
        # For the left Values
        print(Left, end = "")
        Left += 1
 
        # Spaces for the diagonals
        for side_index in range(0, 2 * (index), 1):
            print(" ", end = "")
 
        # Condition for the diagonals
        if (index != 0 and index != N - 1):
            print(Diagonal, end = "")
            Diagonal += 1
        else:
            print(" ", end = "")
 
        # Spaces for the Right Values
        for side_index in range(0, 2 * (N - index - 1), 1):
            print(" ", end = "")
 
        # For the right values
        print(Right, end = "")
        Right += 1
         
        print("\n", end = "")
     
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
     
    # Size of the Pattern
    Size = 6
 
    # Calling the function to print
    # the desired Pattern
    Alphabet_N_Pattern(Size)
 
# This code is contributed by
# Sanjit_Prasad

C#

// C# implementation of the approach
using System; 
 
class GFG 
{ 
     
// Function to print the desired Alphabet N Pattern 
public static void Alphabet_N_Pattern(int N) 
{ 
 
    int index, side_index; 
     
    // Declaring the values of Right, 
    // Left and Diagonal values 
    int Right = 1, Left = 1, Diagonal = 2; 
     
    // Main Loop for the rows
    for (index = 0; index < N; index++)
    { 
 
        // For the left Values
        Console.Write(Left++); 
 
        // Spaces for the diagonals 
        for (side_index = 0;
             side_index < 2 * (index); side_index++) 
            Console.Write(" "); 
 
        // Condition for the diagonals 
        if (index != 0 && index != N - 1) 
            Console.Write(Diagonal++); 
        else
            Console.Write(" "); 
         
        // Spaces for the Right Values
        for (side_index = 0; 
             side_index < 2 * (N - index - 1); 
             side_index++) 
            Console.Write(" "); 
 
        // For the right values 
        Console.Write(Right++); 
 
        Console.Write("\n"); 
    } 
} 
 
// Driver Code
static void Main() 
{ 
    // Size of the Pattern
    int Size = 6; 
 
    // Calling the function to print
    // the desired Pattern
    Alphabet_N_Pattern(Size); 
} 
}
 
// This code is contributed by DrRoot_

PHP

<?php
// PHP implementation of the approach 
 
// Function to print the desired
// Alphabet N Pattern 
function Alphabet_N_Pattern($N) 
{ 
    $index;
    $side_index;
    $size; 
 
    // Declaring the values of Right, 
    // Left and Diagonal values 
    $Right = 1;
    $Left = 1;
    $Diagonal = 2; 
 
    // Main Loop for the rows 
    for ($index = 0; $index < $N; $index++) 
    { 
 
        // For the left Values 
        echo $Left++; 
 
        // Spaces for the diagonals 
        for ($side_index = 0; 
             $side_index < 2 * ($index);
             $side_index++) 
            echo " "; 
 
        // Condition for the diagonals 
        if ($index != 0 && $index != $N - 1) 
            echo $Diagonal++; 
        else
            echo " "; 
 
        // Spaces for the Right Values 
        for ($side_index = 0;
             $side_index < 2 * ($N - $index - 1); 
             $side_index++) 
            echo " "; 
 
        // For the right values 
        echo $Right++; 
 
        echo "\n"; 
    } 
} 
 
// Driver Code 
 
// Size of the Pattern 
$Size = 6; 
 
// Calling the function to
// print the desired Pattern 
Alphabet_N_Pattern($Size); 
 
// This code is contributed by ajit
?>

Javascript

<script>
 
      // JavaScript implementation of the approach
 
      // Function to print the desired
      // Alphabet N Pattern
      function Alphabet_N_Pattern(N) {
        var index, side_index, size;
 
        // Declaring the values of Right, 
        // Left and Diagonal values
        var Right = 1,
          Left = 1,
          Diagonal = 2;
 
        // Main Loop for the rows
        for (index = 0; index < N; index++) {
          // For the left Values
          document.write(Left++);
 
          // Spaces for the diagonals
          for (side_index = 0; 
          side_index < 2 * index; side_index++)
            document.write("  ");
 
          // Condition for the diagonals
          if (index != 0 && index != N - 1) 
          document.write(Diagonal++);
          else
          document.write("  ");
 
          // Spaces for the Right Values
          for (side_index = 0; 
          side_index < 2 * (N - index - 1); side_index++)
            document.write("  ");
 
          // For the right values
          document.write(Right++);
          document.write("<br>");
        }
      }
 
      // Driver Code
      // Size of the Pattern
      var Size = 6;
      // Calling the function to print 
      // the desired Pattern
      Alphabet_N_Pattern(Size);
       
</script>

Output:

1           1
2  2        2
3    3      3
4      4    4
5        5  5
6           6

Time Complexity: O(n²)

Auxiliary Space: O(1)

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Program to print ‘N’ alphabet using the number pattern from 1 to n

C++

C

Java

Python3

C#

PHP

Javascript

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