Given a string containing only digits, restore it by returning all possible valid IP address combinations.
A valid IP address must be in the form of A.B.C.D, where A, B, C, and D are numbers from 0-255. The numbers cannot be 0 prefixed unless they are 0.
Examples :
Input: 25525511135 Output: [“255.255.11.135”, “255.255.111.35”] Explanation: These are the only valid possible IP addresses. Input: "25505011535" Output: [] Explanation: We cannot generate a valid IP address with this string.
First, we will place 3 dots in the given string and then try out all the possible combinations for the 3 dots.
Corner case for validity:
For string "25011255255" 25.011.255.255 is not valid as 011 is not valid. 25.11.255.255 is not valid either as you are not allowed to change the string. 250.11.255.255 is valid.
Approach: Split the string with ‘ . ‘ and then check for all corner cases. Before entering the loop, check the size of the string. Generate all the possible combinations using looping through the string. If IP is found to be valid then return the IP address, else simply return the empty list.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
Implementation:
C++
// C++ program to generate all possible// valid IP addresses from given string#include <bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std;// Function checks whether IP digits// are valid or not.int is_valid(string ip){ // Splitting by "." vector<string> ips; string ex = ""; for (int i = 0; i < ip.size(); i++) { if (ip[i] == '.') { ips.push_back(ex); ex = ""; } else { ex = ex + ip[i]; } } ips.push_back(ex); // Checking for the corner cases // cout << ip << endl; for (int i = 0; i < ips.size(); i++) { // cout << ips[i] <<endl; if (ips[i].length() > 3 || stoi(ips[i]) < 0 || stoi(ips[i]) > 255) return 0; if (ips[i].length() > 1 && stoi(ips[i]) == 0) return 0; if (ips[i].length() > 1 && stoi(ips[i]) != 0 && ips[i][0] == '0') return 0; } return 1;}// Function converts string to IP addressvoid convert(string ip){ int l = ip.length(); // Check for string size if (l > 12 || l < 4) { cout << "Not Valid IP Address"; } string check = ip; vector<string> ans; // Generating different combinations. for (int i = 1; i < l - 2; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < l - 1; j++) { for (int k = j + 1; k < l; k++) { check = check.substr(0, k) + "." + check.substr(k); check = check.substr(0, j) + "." + check.substr(j); check = check.substr(0, i) + "." + check.substr(i); // cout<< check <<endl; // Check for the validity of combination if (is_valid(check)) { ans.push_back(check); std::cout << check << '\n'; } check = ip; } } }}// Driver codeint main(){ string A = "25525511135"; string B = "25505011535"; convert(A); convert(B); return 0;}// This code is contributed by Harshit |
Java
// Java Program to generate all possible// valid IP addresses from given stringimport java.util.*;class GFG { // Function to restore Ip Addresses public static ArrayList<String> restoreIpAddresses(String A) { if (A.length() < 3 || A.length() > 12) return new ArrayList<>(); return convert(A); } private static ArrayList<String> convert(String s) { ArrayList<String> l = new ArrayList<>(); int size = s.length(); String snew = s; for (int i = 1; i < size - 2; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < size - 1; j++) { for (int k = j + 1; k < size; k++) { snew = snew.substring(0, k) + "." + snew.substring(k); snew = snew.substring(0, j) + "." + snew.substring(j); snew = snew.substring(0, i) + "." + snew.substring(i); if (isValid(snew)) { l.add(snew); } snew = s; } } } Collections.sort(l, new Comparator<String>() { public int compare(String o1, String o2) { String a1[] = o1.split("[.]"); String a2[] = o2.split("[.]"); int result = -1; for (int i = 0; i < 4 && result != 0; i++) { result = a1[i].compareTo(a2[i]); } return result; } }); return l; } private static boolean isValid(String ip) { String a[] = ip.split("[.]"); for (String s : a) { int i = Integer.parseInt(s); if (s.length() > 3 || i < 0 || i > 255) { return false; } if (s.length() > 1 && i == 0) return false; if (s.length() > 1 && i != 0 && s.charAt(0) == '0') return false; } return true; } // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println( restoreIpAddresses( "25525511135") .toString()); }}// This code is contributed by Nidhi Hooda. |
Python3
# Python3 code to check valid possible IP# Function checks whether IP digits# are valid or not.def is_valid(ip): # Splitting by "." ip = ip.split(".") # Checking for the corner cases for i in ip: if (len(i) > 3 or int(i) < 0 or int(i) > 255): return False if len(i) > 1 and int(i) == 0: return False if (len(i) > 1 and int(i) != 0 and i[0] == '0'): return False return True# Function converts string to IP addressdef convert(s): sz = len(s) # Check for string size if sz > 12: return [] snew = s l = [] # Generating different combinations. for i in range(1, sz - 2): for j in range(i + 1, sz - 1): for k in range(j + 1, sz): snew = snew[:k] + "." + snew[k:] snew = snew[:j] + "." + snew[j:] snew = snew[:i] + "." + snew[i:] # Check for the validity of combination if is_valid(snew): l.append(snew) snew = s return l# Driver code A = "25525511135"B = "25505011535"print(convert(A))print(convert(B)) |
C#
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;// C# program to generate all possible// valid IP addresses from given string// Driver Codeclass HelloWorld { // Function checks whether IP digits // are valid or not. static int is_valid(string ip){ // Splitting by "." List<string> ips = new List<string>(); string ex = ""; for (int i = 0; i < ip.Length; i++) { if (ip[i] == '.') { ips.Add(ex); ex = ""; } else { ex = ex + ip[i]; } } ips.Add(ex); // Checking for the corner cases // cout << ip << endl; for (int i = 0; i < ips.Count; i++) { // cout << ips[i] <<endl; if (ips[i].Length > 3 || Int64.Parse(ips[i]) < 0 || Int64.Parse(ips[i]) > 255) return 0; if (ips[i].Length > 1 && Int64.Parse(ips[i]) == 0) return 0; if (ips[i].Length > 1 && Int64.Parse(ips[i]) != 0 && ips[i][0] == '0') return 0; } return 1; } // Function converts string to IP address static void convert(string ip){ int l = ip.Length; // Check for string size if (l > 12 || l < 4) { Console.WriteLine("Not Valid IP Address"); } string check = ip; List<string> ans = new List<string>(); // Generating different combinations. for (int i = 1; i < l - 2; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < l - 1; j++) { for (int k = j + 1; k < l; k++) { check = check.Substring(0, k) + "." + check.Substring(k); check = check.Substring(0, j) + "." + check.Substring(j); check = check.Substring(0, i) + "." + check.Substring(i); // cout<< check <<endl; // Check for the validity of combination if (is_valid(check) != 0) { ans.Add(check); Console.WriteLine(check); } check = ip; } } } } static void Main() { string A = "25525511135"; string B = "25505011535"; convert(A); convert(B); }}// The code is added by Gautam goel. |
Javascript
<script>// JavaScript program to generate all possible// valid IP addresses from given string// Function checks whether IP digits// are valid or not.function is_valid(ip){ // Splitting by "." let ips = new Array(); let ex = ""; for (let i = 0; i < ip.length; i++) { if (ip[i] == '.') { ips.push(ex); ex = ""; } else { ex = ex + ip[i]; } } ips.push(ex); // Checking for the corner cases for(let i = 0; i < ips.length; i++) { if (ips[i].length > 3 || parseInt(ips[i]) < 0 || parseInt(ips[i]) > 255) return 0; if (ips[i].length > 1 && parseInt(ips[i]) == 0) return 0; if (ips[i].length > 1 && parseInt(ips[i]) != 0 && ips[i][0] == '0') return 0; } return 1;}// Function converts string to IP addressfunction convert(ip){ let l = ip.length; // Check for string size if (l > 12 || l < 4) { document.write("Not Valid IP Address"); } let check = ip; let ans = new Array(); // Generating different combinations. for (let i = 1; i < l - 2; i++) { for (let j = i + 1; j < l - 1; j++) { for (let k = j + 1; k < l; k++) { check = check.substring(0, k) + "." + check.substring(k,check.length); check = check.substring(0, j) + "." + check.substring(j,check.length); check = check.substring(0, i) + "." + check.substring(i,check.length); // Check for the validity of combination if (is_valid(check)) { ans.push(check); document.write(check,"</br>"); } check = ip; } } }}// Driver code let A = "25525511135"; let B = "25505011535"; convert(A); convert(B); // This code is contributed by shinjanpatra</script> |
Output
255.255.11.135 255.255.111.35
Complexity Analysis:
- Time Complexity: O(n^3), where n is the length of the string
Three nested traversal of the string is needed, where n is always less than 12. - Auxiliary Space: O(n).
As extra space is needed.
Another Efficient Approach (Dynamic Programming): There is a dp approach exist for this problem and can be solved in time complexity O(n*4*3)=O(12n)=O(n) and space complexity O(4n).
Approach: We know that there are only 4 parts of the IP. We start iterating from the end of string and goes to the start of string. We create a dp 2D-array of size (4 x N). There can be only 2 values in the dp array i.e. 1(true) or 0(false). dp[0][i] tells if we can create 1 part of IP from the substring starting from i to end of string. Similarly, dp[1][i] tells if we can create 2 parts of IP from the substring starting from i to end of string.
After creating the dp array, we start creating the valid IP addresses. We start from the bottom left corner of the 2D dp array. We only iterate 12 times(worst case) but those also will be the valid IP addresses because we only form valid IP addresses.
Implementation:
C++
#include <bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std;// C++ Program to generate all possible// valid IP addresses from given stringvector<string> l;bool isValid(string ip){ ip = ip + "."; int i = 0; int j = 0; while(i < ip.size()){ // cout << "hi" << endl; string s = ""; while(ip[j] != '.'){ s = s + ip[j]; j++; } // cout << s << endl; int num = stoi(s); if(s.size() > 3 || num < 0 || num > 255) return false; if(s.size() > 1 && num == 0) return false; if(s.size() > 1 && num != 0 && s[0] == '0') return 0; i = j + 1; j = i; } return true;}void createIpFromDp(vector<vector<int>> dp, int r, int c, string s, string ans){ if (r == 0) { ans += s.substr(c); l.push_back(ans); return; } for (int i = 1; i <= 3 && c + i < s.size(); i++) { if (isValid(s.substr(c, i)) && dp[r - 1] == 1) { createIpFromDp(dp, r - 1, c + i, s, ans + s.substr(c, i) + "."); } }}// Function to restore Ip Addressesvector<string> restoreIpAddresses(string s){ int n = s.size(); if (n < 4 || n > 12) return l; // initialize the dp array vector<vector<int>> dp(4, vector<int> (n, -1)); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { for (int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (i == 0) { // take the substring string sub = s.substr(j); if (isValid(sub)) { dp[i][j] = 1; } else if (j < n - 3) { break; } } else { if (j <= n - i) { for (int k = 1; k <= 3 && j + k <= n; k++) { string temp = s.substr(j, k); if (isValid(temp)) { if (j + k < n && dp[i - 1][j + k] == 1) { dp[i][j] = 1; break; } } } } } } } if (dp[3][0] == 0) return l; // Call function createIpfromDp createIpFromDp(dp, 3, 0, s, ""); return l;}// Driver Codeint main(){ // Function call vector<string> ans = restoreIpAddresses("25525511135"); cout << "["; for(int i = 0; i < ans.size(); i++){ if(i == ans.size() - 1) cout << ans[i]; else cout << ans[i] << ", "; } cout << "]" << endl;}// This code is contributed by Nidhi Goel. |
Java
// Java Program to generate all possible// valid IP addresses from given stringimport java.util.*;class GFG{ public static ArrayList<String> list; // Function to restore Ip Addresses public static ArrayList<String> restoreIpAddresses(String s) { int n = s.length(); list = new ArrayList<>(); if (n < 4 || n > 12) return list; // initialize the dp array int dp[][] = new int[4][n]; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { for (int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (i == 0) { // take the substring String sub = s.substring(j); if (isValid(sub)) { dp[i][j] = 1; } else if (j < n - 3) { break; } } else { if (j <= n - i) { for (int k = 1; k <= 3 && j + k <= n; k++) { String temp = s.substring(j, j + k); if (isValid(temp)) { if (j + k < n && dp[i - 1][j + k] == 1) { dp[i][j] = 1; break; } } } } } } } if (dp[3][0] == 0) return list; // Call function createIpfromDp createIpFromDp(dp, 3, 0, s, ""); return list; } public static void createIpFromDp(int dp[][], int r, int c, String s, String ans) { if (r == 0) { ans += s.substring(c); list.add(ans); return; } for (int i = 1; i <= 3 && c + i < s.length(); i++) { if (isValid(s.substring(c, c + i)) && dp[r - 1] == 1) { createIpFromDp(dp, r - 1, c + i, s, ans + s.substring(c, c + i) + "."); } } } private static boolean isValid(String ip) { String a[] = ip.split("[.]"); for (String s : a) { int i = Integer.parseInt(s); if (s.length() > 3 || i < 0 || i > 255) { return false; } if (s.length() > 1 && i == 0) return false; if (s.length() > 1 && i != 0 && s.charAt(0) == '0') return false; } return true; } // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) { // Function call System.out.println( restoreIpAddresses("25525511135").toString()); }}// This code is contributed by Nidhi Hooda. |
C#
// Include namespace systemusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;public class GFG { static List<String> list; // Function to restore Ip Addresses public static List<String> restoreIpAddresses(String s) { var n = s.Length; list = new List<String>(); if (n < 4 || n > 12) { return list; } // initialize the dp array int[, ] dp = new int[4, n]; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { for (int j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (i == 0) { // take the substring var sub = s.Substring(j); if (GFG.isValid(sub)) { dp[i, j] = 1; } else if (j < n - 3) { break; } } else { if (j <= n - i) { for (int k = 1; k <= 3 && j + k <= n; k++) { var temp = s.Substring(j, j + k - j); if (GFG.isValid(temp)) { if (j + k < n && dp[i - 1, j + k] == 1) { dp[i, j] = 1; break; } } } } } } } if (dp[3, 0] == 0) { return list; } // Call function createIpfromDp GFG.createIpFromDp(dp, 3, 0, s, ""); return list; } public static void createIpFromDp(int[, ] dp, int r, int c, String s, String ans) { if (r == 0) { ans += s.Substring(c); list.Add(ans); return; } for (int i = 1; i <= 3 && c + i < s.Length; i++) { if (GFG.isValid(s.Substring(c, c + i - c)) && dp[r - 1, c + i] == 1) { GFG.createIpFromDp( dp, r - 1, c + i, s, ans + s.Substring(c, c + i - c) + "."); } } } private static bool isValid(String ip) { String[] a = ip.Split("[.]"); foreach(String s in a) { var i = int.Parse(s); if (s.Length > 3 || i < 0 || i > 255) { return false; } if (s.Length > 1 && i == 0) { return false; } if (s.Length > 1 && i != 0 && s[0] == '0') { return false; } } return true; } // Driver Code public static void Main(String[] args) { // Function call Console.WriteLine(string.Join( ",", (GFG.restoreIpAddresses("25525511135")) .ToArray())); }}// This code is contributed by Aarti_Rathi |
Python3
# Python program to generate all possible# valid IP addresses from given stringans = []def is_valid(ip): ip = ip + "." i, j = 0, 0 while i < len(ip): s = "" while ip[j] != ".": s = s + ip[j] j += 1 num = int(s) if len(s) > 3 or num < 0 or num > 255: return False if len(s) > 1 and num == 0: return False if len(s) > 1 and num != 0 and s[0] == '0': return False i = j + 1 j = i return Truedef create_ip_from_dp(dp, r, c, s, res): if r == 0: res += s ans.append(res) return for i in range(1, 4): if c + i < len(s) and is_valid(s) and dp[r - 1] == 1: create_ip_from_dp(dp, r - 1, c + i, s, res + s + ".")def restore_ip_addresses(s): n = len(s) if n < 4 or n > 12: return ans # Initialize the dp array dp = [[-1 for j in range(n)] for i in range(4)] for i in range(4): for j in range(n - 1, -1, -1): if i == 0: sub = s[j:] if is_valid(sub): dp[i][j] = 1 elif j < n - 3: break else: if j <= n - i: for k in range(1, 4): if j + k <= n: temp = s[j:j + k] if is_valid(temp): if j + k < n and dp[i - 1][j + k] == 1: dp[i][j] = 1 break if dp[3][0] == 0: return ans # Call function create_ip_from_dp create_ip_from_dp(dp, 3, 0, s, "") return ans# Driver Codeif __name__ == "__main__": # Function call ans = restore_ip_addresses("25525511135") print(ans)#This code is contributed by rudra1807raj |
Javascript
function isValid(ip) { ip = ip + "."; let i = 0; let j = 0; while (i < ip.length) { let s = ""; while (ip[j] !== ".") { s = s + ip[j]; j++; } let num = parseInt(s); if (s.length > 3 || num < 0 || num > 255) return false; if (s.length > 1 && num == 0) return false; if (s.length > 1 && num !== 0 && s[0] == "0") return false; i = j + 1; j = i; } return true;}function createIpFromDp(dp, r, c, s, ans) { if (r == 0) { ans += s.substring(c); l.push(ans); return; } for (let i = 1; i <= 3 && c + i < s.length; i++) { if (isValid(s.substring(c, c + i)) && dp[r - 1] == 1) { createIpFromDp(dp, r - 1, c + i, s, ans + s.substring(c, c + i) + "."); } }}function restoreIpAddresses(s) { let n = s.length; if (n < 4 || n > 12) return l; let dp = [...Array(4)].map(() => Array(n).fill(-1)); for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) { for (let j = n - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (i == 0) { let sub = s.substring(j); if (isValid(sub)) { dp[i][j] = 1; } else if (j < n - 3) { break; } } else { if (j <= n - i) { for (let k = 1; k <= 3 && j + k <= n; k++) { let temp = s.substring(j, j + k); if (isValid(temp)) { if (j + k < n && dp[i - 1][j + k] == 1) { dp[i][j] = 1; break; } } } } } } } if (dp[3][0] == 0) return l; createIpFromDp(dp, 3, 0, s, ""); return l;}let l = [];let ans = restoreIpAddresses("25525511135");console.log(ans);//This code is contributed by rudra1807raj |
Output
[255.255.11.135, 255.255.111.35]
Complexity Analysis:
- Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the length of the string. The dp array creation would take O(4*n*3) = O(12n) = O(n). Valid IP creation from dp array would take O(n).
- Auxiliary Space: O(n). As dp array has extra space of size (4 x n). It means O(4n).
Another Approach: (Using Recursion)
Implementation:
C++
#include <iostream>#include <vector>using namespace std;void solve(string s, int i, int j, int level, string temp, vector<string>& res){ if (i == (j + 1) && level == 5) { res.push_back(temp.substr(1)); } // Digits of a number ranging 0-255 can lie only between // 0-3 for (int k = i; k < i + 3 && k <= j; k++) { string ad = s.substr(i, k - i + 1); // Return if string starting with '0' or it is // greater than 255. if ((s[i] == '0'&&ad.size()>1) || stol(ad) > 255) return; // Recursively call for another level. solve(s, k + 1, j, level + 1, temp + '.' + ad, res); }}int main(){ string s = "25525511135"; int n = s.length(); vector<string> ans; solve(s, 0, n - 1, 1, "", ans); for (string s : ans) cout << s << endl; return 0;} |
Java
/*package whatever //do not write package name here */import java.io.*;import java.util.*;class GFG { static void solve(String s, int i, int j, int level, String temp, ArrayList<String>res){ if (i == (j + 1) && level == 5) { res.add(temp.substring(1)); } // Digits of a number ranging 0-255 can lie only between // 0-3 for (int k = i; k < i + 3 && k <= j; k++) { String ad = s.substring(i, k + 1); // Return if string starting with '0' or it is // greater than 255. if ((s.charAt(i) == '0'&& ad.length()>1 ) || Integer.valueOf(ad) > 255) return; // Recursively call for another level. solve(s, k + 1, j, level + 1, temp + '.' + ad, res); }}/* Driver program to test above function*/public static void main(String args[]){ String s = "25525511135"; int n = s.length(); ArrayList<String> ans = new ArrayList<>(); solve(s, 0, n - 1, 1, "", ans); for (String s1 : ans) System.out.println(s1);}}// This code is contributed by shinjanpatra. |
Python3
# Python code for the above approachdef solve(s, i, j, level, temp, res): if (i == (j + 1) and level == 5): res.append(temp[1:]) # Digits of a number ranging 0-255 can lie only between # 0-3 k = i while(k < i + 3 and k <= j): ad = s[i: k + 1] # Return if string starting with '0' or it is # greater than 255. if ((s[i] == '0' and len(ad) > 1) or int(ad) > 255): return # Recursively call for another level. solve(s, k + 1, j, level + 1, temp + '.' + ad, res) k += 1# driver codes = "25525511135"n = len(s)ans = []solve(s, 0, n - 1, 1, "", ans)for s in ans: print(s)# This code is contributed by shinjanpatra |
C#
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;class GFG { public static void solve(string s, int i, int j, int level, string temp, List<string> res) { if (i == (j + 1) && level == 5) { res.Add(temp.Substring(1)); } // Digits of a number ranging 0-255 can lie only between // 0-3 for (int k = i; k < i + 3 && k <= j; k++) { string ad = s.Substring(i, k - i + 1); // Return if string starting with '0' or it is // greater than 255. if ((s[i] == '0' && ad.Length > 1) || Int64.Parse(ad) > 255) return; // Recursively call for another level. solve(s, k + 1, j, level + 1, temp + '.' + ad, res); } } static void Main() { string s = "25525511135"; int n = s.Length; List<string> ans = new List<string>(); solve(s, 0, n - 1, 1, "", ans); foreach(string x in ans) { Console.WriteLine(x); } }}// The code is contributed by Nidhi goel. |
Javascript
<script>// Simple JavaScript programfunction solve(s,i,j,level, temp,res){ if (i == (j + 1) && level == 5) { res.push(temp.substring(1,)); } // Digits of a number ranging 0-255 can lie only between // 0-3 for (let k = i; k < i + 3 && k <= j; k++) { let ad = s.substring(i, k + 1); // Return if string starting with '0' or it is // greater than 255. if ((s[i] == '0' && ad.length > 1) || parseInt(ad) > 255) return; // Recursively call for another level. solve(s, k + 1, j, level + 1, temp + '.' + ad, res); }}// driver codelet s = "25525511135";let n = s.length;let ans = [];solve(s, 0, n - 1, 1, "", ans);for (let s of ans) document.write(s,"</br>");// This code is contributed by shinjanpatra</script> |
Output
255.255.11.135 255.255.111.35
