Many times it happens that while solving mathematical expressions we require a number to be raised by a specific value. We also call this power of a number. Example of such cases is Exponential expression, cube root, square root, etc. Thus in such cases, PHP’s inbuilt function pow() comes to aid. The pow() function in PHP is used to calculate a base raised to the power of the exponent. It is a generic function that can be used with a number raised to any value. It takes two parameters which are the base and exponent and returns the desired answer. If both the arguments passed are non-negative integers and the result can be represented as an integer, the result is returned with integer type, otherwise, it is returned as a float. We already have discussed the pow() function in brief in the article PHP | Math functions. In this article, we will learn about the pow() function in detail.
Syntax:
number pow($base, $exp)
Parameters: The pow() function accepts two parameters as shown in the above syntax:
- $base: It is used to specify the base.
- $exponent: It is used to specify the exponent.
Return Value: It returns a number (integer or floating-point) that is equal to $base raised to the power of $exponent.
Examples:
Input : pow(3, 2) Output : 9 Input : pow(-3, 2) Output : 9 Input : pow(-3, -3) Output : 0.037037037037037 Input : pow(-3, -3.2) Output : NaN
The below programs illustrate the working of pow() in PHP:
When both the parameters passed are positive:
PHP
<?php echo(pow(3, 2)); ?> |
Output:
9
When the $base is negative and $exponent is a positive even number:
PHP
<?php echo(pow(-3, 2)); ?> |
Output:
9
When $base is negative and $exponent is a negative odd number:
PHP
<?php echo(pow(-3, -3)); ?> |
Output:
0.037037037037037
When $base is negative and $exponent is a negative number with decimal places:
html
<?phpecho(pow(-3, -3.2)); ?> |
Output:
NaN
Important Points To Note:
- pow() function is used to solve exponential expressions.
- It is a generic function that can be used for any exponent value.
- Avoid using the pow() function if you want to calculate the square root of a function since PHP already has an inbuilt function for calculating square roots and it is much more efficient than pow().
Reference: http://php.net/manual/en/function.pow.php
