The NumberFormatException occurs when an attempt is made to convert a string with improper format into a numeric value. That means, when it is not possible to convert a string in any numeric type (float, int, etc), this exception is thrown. It is a Runtime Exception (Unchecked Exception) in Java. It is a subclass of IllegalArgumentException class. To handle this exception, try–catch block can be used.
While operating upon strings, there are times when we need to convert a number represented as a string into an integer type. The method generally used to convert String to Integer in Java is parseInt().
Usage of parseInt() method: As we already know there are two variants of this method namely as follows to get a better understanding
public static int parseInt(String s) throws NumberFormatException This function parses the string argument as a signed decimal integer.
public static int parseInt(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException This function parses the string argument as a signed integer in the radix specified by the second argument.
Return Type:
In simple words, both methods convert the string into its integer equivalent. The only difference being is that of the parameter radix. The first method can be considered as an equivalent of the second method with radix = 10 (Decimal).
Constructors:
- public NumberFormatException(): Constructs a NumberFormatException with no detail message.
- public NumberFormatException(String msg): Constructs a NumberFormatException with the detail message ‘msg’
Common Reasons for NumberFormatException:
There are various issues related to improper string format for conversion in numeric value. A few of them are:
1. The input string is null
Integer.parseInt("null") ;
2. The input string is empty
Float.parseFloat(“”) ;
3. The input string with leading and/or trailing white spaces
Integer abc=new Integer(“ 432 “);
4. The input string with extra symbols
Float.parseFloat(4,236);
5. The input string with non-numeric data
Double.parseDouble(“ThirtyFour”);
6. The input string is alphanumeric
Integer.valueOf(“31.two”);
7. The input string might exceed the range of the datatype storing the parsed string
Integer.parseInt(“1326589741236”);
8. Data type mismatch between input string value and the type of the method which is being used for parsing
Integer.parseInt("13.26");
Example:
Java
// Java Program to illustrate NumberFormatException// Importing Scanner class to take// input number from the userimport java.util.Scanner;// Classpublic class GFG { // Main driver method public static void main(String[] arg) { // Declaring an variable which // holds the input number entered int number; // Creating a Scanner class object to // take input from keyboard // System.in -> Keyboard Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); // Condition check // If condition holds true, Continue loop until // valid integer is entered by user while (true) { // Display message System.out.println("Enter any valid Integer: "); // Try block to check if any exception occurs try { // Parsing user input to integer // using the parseInt() method number = Integer.parseInt(sc.next()); // Number can be valid or invalid // If number is valid, print and display // the message and number System.out.println("You entered: " + number); // Get off from this loop break; } // Catch block to handle NumberFormatException catch (NumberFormatException e) { // Print the message if exception occurred System.out.println( "NumberFormatException occurred"); } } }} |
Output: The below output is for different numbers been entered by the user
Enter any valid Integer: 12,017 NumberFormatException occurred Enter any valid Integer: Sixty4 NumberFormatException occurred Enter any valid Integer: null NumberFormatException occurred Enter any valid Integer: 436.25 NumberFormatException occurred Enter any valid Integer: 3.o NumberFormatException occurred Enter any valid Integer: 98562341789 NumberFormatException occurred Enter any valid Integer: 1000 You entered: 1000
