In Math class, there are two types of fma() method depending upon the parameters passed to it.
The methods are:
fma(double a, double b, double c):
This method of Math class is used to return the exact product of the first two doubles with the addition of the third double and then round the result to the nearest double. The rounding is done using the round to nearest even rounding mode. Let a, b, c are three doubles then a * b + c is evaluated as a regular floating-point expression, two rounding errors are involved, the first for the multiply operation of a*b, the second for the addition operation of product result with c.
Some Special cases for this method are:
- If any argument from these three is NaN, then result is NaN.
- If one of the first two arguments is infinite and the other is zero, then the result is NaN.
- If the exact product of two arguments is infinite and the third argument is an infinity of the opposite sign, the result is NaN.
Example:
Input: a = 2.0, b = 3.0, c = 3.0
Output: 9.0
As 2.0 * 3.0 + 3.0 = 9.0
Input: a = 9.20, b = 6.30, c = 4.10
Output: 62.059999999999995
As 9.20 * 6.30 + 4.10 = 62.059999999999995
Syntax:
public static double fma(double a, double b, double c)
Parameters: This method accepts three doubles a, b, c as parameter where a and b are argument to be multiplied and c is argument to be added with product.
Return Value: This method returns rounded double value after calculating a * b + c with unlimited range and precision.
Note: This method was added in JDK 9. Hence it wont run in Online IDE.
Below programs illustrate the fma() method:
Program 1:
// Java program to demonstrate the fma() Method. public class GFG { // Main method public static void main(String[] args) { // three double values double a = 9.20, b = 6.30, c = 4.10; // apply fma method double d = Math.fma(a, b, c); // print result System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " + " + c + " = " + d); }} |
Output:
9.2 * 6.3 + 4.1 = 62.059999999999995
Program 2:
// Java program to demonstrate the fma() Method. public class GFG { // Main method public static void main(String[] args) { // three double values double a = 19.20, b = 16.30, c = 44.10; // apply fma method double d = Math.fma(a, b, c); // print result System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " + " + c + " = " + d); }} |
Output:
19.2 * 16.3 + 44.1 = 357.06
fma(float a, float b, float c):
This method of Math class work same as fma(double a, double b, double c) but difference is that it take float as attribute and return float as return value.So we can say that this method returns the exact product of the first two arguments(float values) with the addition of the third argument(float value) and then round the result to the nearest float. The rounding is done using the round to nearest even rounding mode. Let a, b, c are three floating numbers then a * b + c is evaluated as a regular floating-point expression, two rounding errors are involved, the first for the multiply operation of a*b, the second for the addition operation of product result with c.
Example:
Input: a = 29.20f, b = 18.40f, c = 43.10f;
Output: 580.38
As 29.20f * 18.40f + 43.10f = 580.38
Input: a = 9.20f, b = 6.30f, c = 4.10f;
Output: 62.059999999999995f
As 9.20f * 6.30f + 4.10f = 62.059999999999995f
Syntax:
public static double fma(float a, float b, float c)
Parameters: This method accepts three floats a, b, c as parameter where a and b are argument we want to multiply and c is argument we want to add with product.
Return Value: This method returns rounded float value after calculating a * b + c with unlimited range and precision.
Note: This method was added in JDK 9. Hence it wont run in Online IDE.
Below programs illustrate the fma() method:
Program 1:
// Java program to demonstrate// the fma() Method. public class GFG { // Main method public static void main(String[] args) { // three double values float a = 29.20f, b = 18.40f, c = 43.10f; // apply fma method float d = Math.fma(a, b, c); // print result System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " + " + c + " = " + d); }} |
Output:
29.2 * 18.4 + 43.1 = 580.38
Program 2:
// Java program to demonstrate// the fma() Method. public class GFG { // Main method public static void main(String[] args) { // three double values float a = 49.29f, b = 28.58f, c = 33.63f; // apply fma method float d = Math.fma(a, b, c); // print result System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " + " + c + " = " + d); }} |
Output:
49.29 * 28.58 + 33.63 = 1442.3383
References: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/10/docs/api/java/lang/Math.html#fma(double, double, double), https://docs.oracle.com/javase/10/docs/api/java/lang/Math.html#fma(float, float, float)
