StrictMath Class methods helps to perform the numeric operations like square, square root, cube, cube root, exponential and trigonometric operations
Declaration :
public final class StrictMath extends Object
NaN argument?
A constant holding a Not-a-Number (NaN) value of type double. It is equivalent to the value returned by Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7ff8000000000000L).
Methods of lang.math class :
1. acos() : java.lang.StrictMath.acos() method returns the arc cosine value of the passed argument.
arc cosine is inverse cosine of the argument passed.
acos(arg) = cos-1 of arg
Special Case : Result is NaN, if the argument is NaN or its absolute value is greater than 1.
Syntax:
public static double acos(double a)
Parameters:
a - the argument whose arc cosine value we need.
argument is taken as radian
Returns:
arc cosine value of the argument.
2. abs() : java.lang.StrictMath.abs() method returns the absolute value of any type of the argument passed. This method can handle all the data types.
- Result is positive zero, if the argument is positive zero or negative zero.
- Result is positive infinity if the argument is infinite.
- Result is NaN, if passed argument is NaN.
Syntax:
public static datatype abs(datatype arg) Parameters: arg - the argument whose absolute value we need Returns: absolute value of the passed argument.
3. toRadians() : java.lang.StrictMath.toRadians(double deg) method converts argument (degree) to radians.
Note: StrictMath class usually takes radians as an input which is very much different in real life applications since angles is usually represented in degrees.
Syntax:
public static double toRadians(double deg) Parameters: deg - degree angle needs to be in radian. Returns: radians equivalent of the degree-argument passed.
Java code explaining abs(), acos(), toRadians() method in lang.StrictMath class.
Java
// Java program explaining lang.StrictMath class methods// abs(), acos(), toRadians() import java.lang.*;public class NewClass{ public static void main(String[] args) { // Declaring the variables int Vali = -1; float Valf = .5f; // Printing the values System.out.println("Initial value of int : " + Vali); System.out.println("Initial value of int : " + Valf); // Use of .abs() method to get the absoluteValue int Absi = StrictMath.abs(Vali); float Absf = StrictMath.abs(Valf); System.out.println("Absolute value of int : " + Absi); System.out.println("Absolute value of int : " + Absf); System.out.println(""); // Use of acos() method // Value greater than 1, so passing NaN double Acosi = StrictMath.acos(60); System.out.println("acos value of Acosi : " + Acosi); double x = StrictMath.PI; // Use of toRadian() method x = StrictMath.toRadians(x); double Acosj = StrictMath.acos(x); System.out.println("acos value of Acosj : " + Acosj); }} |
Output :
Initial value of int : -1 Initial value of int : 0.5 Absolute value of int : 1 Absolute value of int : 0.5 acos value of Acosi : NaN acos value of Acosj : 1.5159376794536454
4. cbrt() : java.lang.StrictMath.cbrt() method returns the cube root of the passed argument.
Special Point :
- Result is NaN, if the argument is NaN.
- Result is an infinity with the same sign as the argument if the argument is infinite.
- Result is a zero, if the argument is zero.
Syntax:
public static double cbrt(double arg) Parameters: arg - argument passed. Returns: cube root of the argument passed
5. asin() : java.lang.StrictMath.asin() method returns the arc sine value of the method argument passed. Returned angle is in the range -pi/2 to pi/2.
arc sine is inverse sine of the argument passed.
asin(arg) = sine-1 of arg
Special Case :
- Result is NaN, if the argument is NaN or its absolute value is greater than 1.
- Result is a zero, if the argument is zero.
Syntax:
public static double asin(double arg) Parameters: arg - argument passed. Returns: arc sine of the argument passed.
Java code explaining asin(), cbrt() method in lang.StrictMath class.
Java
// Java program explaining lang.StrictMath class methods// asin(), cbrt() import java.lang.*;public class NewClass{ public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 1, b = 8; int radd = a + b; // Use of asin() method // Value greater than 1, so passing NaN double Asini = StrictMath.asin(radd); System.out.println("asin value of Asini : " + Asini); double x = StrictMath.PI; // Use of toRadian() method x = StrictMath.toRadians(x); double Asinj = StrictMath.asin(x); System.out.println("asin value of Asinj : " + Asinj); System.out.println(""); // Use of cbrt() method double cbrtval = StrictMath.cbrt(216); System.out.println("cube root : " + cbrtval); }} |
Output :
asin value of Asini : NaN asin value of Asinj : 0.054858647341251204 cube root : 6.0
6. log() : java.lang.StrictMath.log() method returns the logarithmic value of the passed argument.
Syntax: public static double log(double arg) Parameters: arg - argument passed. Returns: logarithmic value of the argument passed.
7. hypot() : java.lang.StrictMath.hypot(double p, double b) method returns hypotenuse of a right triangle on passing the triangle’s base and perpendicular as arguments.
hypotenuse = [perpendicular2 + base2]1/2
Important Point :
- If either argument is infinite, then the result is positive infinity.
- If either argument is NaN and neither argument is infinite, then the result is NaN.
Syntax: public static double hypot(double p, double b) Parameters: p - perpendicular of the right triangle b - base of the right triangle Returns: hypotenuse of the right triangle
8. floor() : java.lang.StrictMath.floor() method returns the floor value of an argument i.e. the closest integer value which is either less or equal to the passed argument.
eg : 101.23 has floor value = 101
Important point : Same argument is resulted if passed an NaN or infinite argument.
Syntax:
public static double floor(double arg)
Parameters:
arg - the argument whose floor value we need
Returns:closest possible value that is either less than
or equal to the argument passed
9. IEEEremainder() : java.lang.StrictMath.IEEERemainder(double d1, double d2) method returns the remainder value by applying remainder operation on two arguments w.r.t IEEE 754 standard.
Remainder value = d1 – d2 * n
where,
n = closest exact value of d1/d2
Syntax: public static double IEEEremainder(double d1, double d2) Parameters: d1 - dividend d2 - divisor Returns: remainder when f1(dividend) is divided by(divisor)
Java code explaining floor(), hypot(), IEEEremainder(), log() method in lang.StrictMath class.
Java
// Java program explaining lang.MATH class methods// floor(), hypot(), IEEEremainder(), log() import java.lang.*;public class NewClass{ public static void main(String[] args) { // Use of floor method double f1 = 30.56, f2 = -56.34; f1 = StrictMath.floor(f1); System.out.println("Floor value of f1 : " + f1); f2 = StrictMath.floor(f2); System.out.println("Floor value of f2 : " + f2); System.out.println(""); // Use of hypot() method double p = 12, b = -5; double h = StrictMath.hypot(p, b); System.out.println("Hypotenuse : "+h); System.out.println(""); // Use of IEEEremainder() method double d1 = 105, d2 = 2; double r = StrictMath.IEEEremainder(d1, d2); System.out.println("Remainder : " + r); System.out.println(""); // Use of log() method double l = 10; l = StrictMath.log(l); System.out.println("Log value of 10 : " + l); }} |
Output :
Floor value of f1 : 30.0 Floor value of f2 : -57.0 Hypotenuse : 13.0 Remainder : 1.0 Log value of 10 : 2.302585092994046
10. ceil() : java.lang.StrictMath.ceil(double a) method returns the smallest possible value which is either greater or equal to the argument passed. The returned value is a mathematical integer.
- Result is same, if the returned value is already a mathematical integer.
- Result is same, if the passed argument is NaN or infinite or zero.
- Result is negative zero, if the passed argument is less than zero but greater than -1.0
Syntax:
public static double ceil(double arg) Parameters: arg - the argument value Returns: smallest possible value(mathematical integer) which is either greater or equal to the argument passed
11. copySign() : java.lang.StrictMath.copySign() method returns first floating-point argument but having the sign of second argument.
Syntax:
public static double copySign(double m, double s)
or
public static float copySign(float m, float s)
Parameters:
m - magnitude
s - sign
Returns:
returns second argument with sign of first floating-point argument.
12. atan() : java.lang.StrictMath.atan() method returns returns the arc tangent of the method argument value. The returned angle is in the range -pi/2 through pi/2.
arc tan is inverse tan of the argument passed.
atan(arg) = tan inverse of arg
Special Case :
- Result is NaN, if the passed argument is NaN or its absolute value is > 1.
- Result is zero, if argument is zero.
Syntax:
public static double atan(double a)
Parameters:
a - the argument whose arc tangent value we need.
argument is taken as radian
Returns:
arc tan value of the argument.
Java code explaining atan(), ceil(), copySign() method in lang.StrictMath class.
Java
// Java program explaining lang.StrictMath class methods// atan(), ceil(), copySign() import java.math.*;public class NewClass{ public static void main(String[] args) { // Use of atan() method double Atani = StrictMath.atan(0); System.out.println("atan value of Atani : " + Atani); double x = StrictMath.PI / 2; // Use of toRadian() method x = StrictMath.toRadians(x); double Atanj = StrictMath.atan(x); System.out.println("atan value of Atanj : " + Atanj); System.out.println(""); // Use of ceil() method double val = 15.34, ceilval; ceilval = StrictMath.ceil(val); System.out.println("ceil value of val : " + ceilval); System.out.println(""); double dblMag = val; double dblSign1 = 3; double dblSign2 = -3; // Use of copySign() method double result1 = StrictMath.copySign(dblMag, dblSign1); System.out.println("copySign1 : " + result1); double result2 = StrictMath.copySign(dblMag, dblSign2); System.out.println("copySign2 : " + result2); }} |
Output :
atan value of Atani : 0.0 atan value of Atanj : 0.0274087022410345 ceil value of val : 16.0 copySign1 : 15.34 copySign2 : -15.34
Refer more methods of lang.StrictMath class at : JAva.lang.StrictMath class in Java | Set 2
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