Deep Learning is a technology of which mimics a human brain in the sense that it consists of multiple neurons with multiple layers like a human brain. The network so formed consists of an input layer, an output layer, and one or more hidden layers. The network tries to learn from the data that is fed into it and then performs predictions accordingly. The most basic type of neural network is the ANN (Artificial Neural Network). The ANN does not have any special structure, it just comprises of multiple neural layers to be used for prediction.
Let’s build a model that predicts whether a person has heart disease or not by using ANN.
About the data:
In the dataset, we have 13 columns in which we are given different attributes such as sex, age, cholesterol level, etc. and we are given a target column which tells us whether that person has heart disease or not. We will keep all the columns as independent variables other than the target column because it will be our dependent variable. We will build an ANN which will predict whether a person has heart disease or not given other attributes of the person.
You can find the dataset here heart disease dataset
import tensorflow as tf import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import keras from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Dense from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix |
Code: Importing Dataset
data = pd.read_csv('heart.csv') data.head() |
Data Description:
data.describe() |
Code: Check for null values
data.isnull().any() |
Assign Dependent and Independent variable
X = data.iloc[:,:13].values y = data["target"].values |
Code : Split data into Train and Test dataset
X_train,X_test,y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X,y,test_size = 0.3 , random_state = 0 ) |
Code: Scale the data.
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler sc = StandardScaler() X_train = sc.fit_transform(X_train) X_test = sc.transform(X_test) |
Code: Building the Model
classifier = Sequential() classifier.add(Dense(activation = "relu", input_dim = 13, units = 8, kernel_initializer = "uniform")) classifier.add(Dense(activation = "relu", units = 14, kernel_initializer = "uniform")) classifier.add(Dense(activation = "sigmoid", units = 1, kernel_initializer = "uniform")) classifier.compile(optimizer = 'adam' , loss = 'binary_crossentropy', metrics = ['accuracy'] ) |
Code : Fitting the Model
classifier.fit(X_train , y_train , batch_size = 8 ,epochs = 100 ) |
Code : Performing prediction and rescaling
y_pred = classifier.predict(X_test) y_pred = (y_pred > 0.5) |
Code: Confusion Matrix
cm = confusion_matrix(y_test,y_pred) cm |
Code: Accuracy
accuracy = (cm[0][0]+cm[1][1])/(cm[0][1] + cm[1][0] +cm[0][0] +cm[1][1]) print(accuracy*100) |
We will get accuracy approximately around 85%.
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