Data Modelling & AI Data Structure & Algorithm

Find maximum sum array of length less than or equal to m

23 June 2025

0

Given n arrays of different lengths consisting of integers, the target is to pick atmost one subarray from an array such that the combined length of all picked sub arrays does not become greater than m and also sum of their elements is maximum.(also given that value of n can not be more than 100) Prerequisite: Knapsack Problem Examples :

Input : n = 5, m = 6,
arr[][m] = {{3, 2, 3, 5},
{2, 7, -1},
{2, 8, 10},
{4, 5, 2, 6, 1}
{3, 2, 3, -2}};

Output : Maximum sum can be obtained is 39
Explanation : We are allowed to pick at most one subarray from every array.
We get total sum 39 as ((5) + (7) + (8 + 10) + (4 + 5))

Input : n = 3, m = 4
arr[][m] = {{2, 3, 2},
{3, -1, 7, 10},
{4, 8, 10, -5, 3}};

Output : Maximum sum can be obtained is 35

This problem is similar to Knapsack problem.where you have to either pick an element or leave it. We will have the same strategy here. Given that the total number of elements in these n arrays is at most 10^5. It is also known that m is at most 10^3 and the input arrays can contain negative numbers. First, make a DP table (2D array) of size n * m and then, pre-compute the cumulative sum of an array so that the maximum sum of every length from 1 to n of that array can be easily computed so that for every given array there can be a maximum continuous sum for length k, where k is from 1 to length of the array. In detail, process input arrays one by one. First, compute the maximum sum subarrays of the processed array for all sizes from 1 to length. Then, update our dynamic programming table with these values and we start processing the next array. Algorithm :

Pick one array from n arrays and start processing it.
Calculate the maximum contiguous sum for length k, k is from 1 to the length of the array, and save it in the array maxSum.
Now, fill the DP table by storing the maximum sum possible for every length 0 to m.
In the last step, we traverse the last row(nth row) of DP table and pick the maximum sum possible and return it.

Below is the implementation of the above approach :

C++

// A Dynamic Programming based C++ program to find 
// maximum sum of array of size less than or 
// equal to m from given n arrays 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
 
/* N and M to define sizes of arr, 
dp, current_arr and maxSum */
#define N 105 
#define M 1001 
 
// INF to define min value 
#define INF -1111111111 
 
// Function to find maximum sum 
int maxSum(int arr[][N]) 
{ 
    // dp array of size N x M 
    int dp[N][M]; 
 
    // current_arr of size M 
    int current_arr[M]; 
 
    // maxsum of size M 
    int maxsum[M]; 
 
    memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp[0][0]) * N * M); 
 
    current_arr[0] = 0; 
 
    // if we have 0 elements 
    // from 0th array 
    dp[0][0] = 0; 
 
    for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { 
        int len = arr[i - 1][0]; 
 
        // compute the cumulative sum array 
        for (int j = 1; j <= len; j++) { 
            current_arr[j] = arr[i - 1][j]; 
            current_arr[j] += current_arr[j - 1]; 
            maxsum[j] = INF; 
        } 
 
        // calculating the maximum contiguous 
        // array for every length j, j is from 
        // 1 to lengtn of the array 
        for (int j = 1; j <= len && j <= 6; j++) 
            for (int k = 1; k <= len; k++) 
                if (j + k - 1 <= len) 
                    maxsum[j] = max(maxsum[j], 
                                current_arr[j + k - 1] - 
                                current_arr[k - 1]); 
 
        // every state is depending on 
        // its previous state 
        for (int j = 0; j <= 6; j++) 
            dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j]; 
 
        // computation of dp table similar 
        // approach as knapsack problem 
        for (int j = 1; j <= 6; j++) 
            for (int cur = 1; cur <= j && cur <= len; cur++) 
                dp[i][j] = max(dp[i][j], 
                            dp[i - 1][j - cur] + 
                                        maxsum[cur]); 
    } 
 
    // now we have done processing with 
    // the last array lets find out 
    // what is the maximum sum possible 
    int ans = 0; 
    for (int i = 0; i <= 6; i++) 
        ans = max(ans, dp[5][i]);     
 
    return ans; 
} 
 
// Driver program 
int main() 
{ 
    // first element of each 
    // row is the size of that row 
    int arr[][N] = { { 3, 2, 3, 5 }, 
                    { 2, 7, -1 }, 
                    { 2, 8, 10 }, 
                    { 4, 5, 2, 6, 1 }, 
                    { 3, 2, 3, -2 } }; 
 
    cout << "Maximum sum can be obtained "
        << "is : " << maxSum(arr) << "\n"; 
} 

Java

// Java program to find maximum sum 
// of array of size less than or 
// equal to m from given n arrays 
import java.io.*; 
 
public class GFG 
{ 
    /* N and M to define 
    sizes of arr, 
    dp, current_arr 
    and maxSum */
    static int N = 105; 
    static int M = 1001; 
     
    // INF to define 
    // min value 
    static int INF = -1111111111; 
     
    // Function to find 
    // maximum sum 
    static int maxSum(int [][]arr) 
    { 
        // dp array of size N x M 
        int [][]dp = new int[N][M]; 
     
        // current_arr of size M 
        int []current_arr = new int[M]; 
     
        // maxsum of size M 
        int []maxsum = new int[M]; 
         
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) 
        { 
            for (int j = 0; j < M ; j++) 
                dp[i][j] = -1; 
        } 
     
        current_arr[0] = 0; 
     
        // if we have 0 elements 
        // from 0th array 
        dp[0][0] = 0; 
     
        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) 
        { 
            int len = arr[i - 1][0]; 
     
            // compute the cumulative 
            // sum array 
            for (int j = 1; j <= len; j++) 
            { 
                current_arr[j] = arr[i - 1][j]; 
                current_arr[j] += current_arr[j - 1]; 
                maxsum[j] = INF; 
            } 
     
            // calculating the maximum 
            // contiguous array for every 
            // length j, j is from 1 to 
            // lengtn of the array 
            for (int j = 1; j <= len && j <= 6; j++) 
                for (int k = 1; k <= len; k++) 
                    if (j + k - 1 <= len) 
                        maxsum[j] = Math.max(maxsum[j], 
                                    current_arr[j + k - 1] - 
                                    current_arr[k - 1]); 
     
            // every state is depending 
            // on its previous state 
            for (int j = 0; j <= 6; j++) 
                dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j]; 
     
            // computation of dp table 
            // similar approach as 
            // knapsack problem 
            for (int j = 1; j <= 6; j++) 
                for (int cur = 1; cur <= j && 
                                cur <= len; cur++) 
                    dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i][j], 
                                        dp[i - 1][j - cur] + 
                                            maxsum[cur]); 
        } 
     
        // now we have done processing 
        // with the last array lets 
        // find out what is the maximum 
        // sum possible 
        int ans = 0; 
        for (int i = 0; i <= 6; i++) 
            ans = Math.max(ans, dp[5][i]); 
     
        return ans; 
    } 
     
    // Driver Code 
    public static void main(String args[]) 
    { 
        // first element of each 
        // row is the size of that row 
        int[][] arr = { 
                { 3, 2, 3, 5 }, 
                { 2, 7, -1 }, 
                { 2, 8, 10 }, 
                { 4, 5, 2, 6, 1 }, 
                { 3, 2, 3, -2 } 
        }; 
        System.out.println("Maximum sum can be " + 
                            "obtained is : " + 
                    maxSum(arr)); 
    } 
} 
 
// This code is contributed by 
// Manish Shaw(manishshaw1) 

Python3

# A Dynamic Programming based Python3 
# program to find maximum sum of array
# of size less than or equal to m from
# given n arrays
 
# N and M to define sizes of arr,
# dp, current_arr and maxSum 
N = 105
M = 1001
 
# INF to define min value
INF = -1111111111
 
# Function to find maximum sum
def maxSum(arr):
 
    # dp array of size N x M
    dp = [[-1 for x in range(M)]
              for y in range(N)]
 
    # current_arr of size M
    current_arr = [0] * M
 
    # maxsum of size M
    maxsum = [0] * M
 
    current_arr[0] = 0
 
    # If we have 0 elements
    # from 0th array
    dp[0][0] = 0
 
    for i in range(1, 6):
        len = arr[i - 1][0]
 
        # Compute the cumulative sum array
        for j in range(1, len + 1):
            current_arr[j] = arr[i - 1][j]
            current_arr[j] += current_arr[j - 1]
            maxsum[j] = INF
 
        # Calculating the maximum contiguous
        # array for every length j, j is from
        # 1 to lengtn of the array
        j = 1
        while j <= len and j <= 6:
            for k in range(1, len + 1):
                if (j + k - 1 <= len):
                    maxsum[j] = max(maxsum[j],
                               current_arr[j + k - 1] -
                               current_arr[k - 1])
                                
            j += 1
 
        # Every state is depending on
        # its previous state
        for j in range(7):
            dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j]
 
        # computation of dp table similar
        # approach as knapsack problem
        for j in range(1, 7):
            cur = 1
            while cur <= j and cur <= len:
                dp[i][j] = max(dp[i][j],
                               dp[i - 1][j - cur] +
                                      maxsum[cur])
                                       
                cur += 1
 
    # Now we have done processing with
    # the last array lets find out
    # what is the maximum sum possible
    ans = 0
    for i in range(7):
        ans = max(ans, dp[5][i]) 
 
    return ans
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    # First element of each
    # row is the size of that row
    arr = [ [ 3, 2, 3, 5 ],
            [ 2, 7, -1 ],
            [ 2, 8, 10 ],
            [ 4, 5, 2, 6, 1 ],
            [ 3, 2, 3, -2 ] ]
 
    print("Maximum sum can be obtained", 
          "is : ", maxSum(arr))
 
# This code is contributed by chitranayal

C#

// C# program to find maximum sum 
// of array of size less than or 
// equal to m from given n arrays 
using System; 
 
class GFG 
{ 
    /* N and M to define 
    sizes of arr, 
    dp, current_arr 
    and maxSum */
    static int N = 105; 
    static int M = 1001; 
     
    // INF to define 
    // min value 
    static int INF = -1111111111; 
     
    // Function to find 
    // maximum sum 
    static int maxSum(int [][]arr) 
    { 
        // dp array of size N x M 
        int [,]dp = new int[N, M]; 
     
        // current_arr of size M 
        int []current_arr = new int[M]; 
     
        // maxsum of size M 
        int []maxsum = new int[M]; 
         
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) 
        { 
            for (int j = 0; j < M ; j++) 
                dp[i, j] = -1; 
        } 
     
        current_arr[0] = 0; 
     
        // if we have 0 elements 
        // from 0th array 
        dp[0, 0] = 0; 
     
        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) 
        { 
            int len = arr[i - 1][0]; 
     
            // compute the cumulative 
            // sum array 
            for (int j = 1; j <= len; j++) 
            { 
                current_arr[j] = arr[i - 1][j]; 
                current_arr[j] += current_arr[j - 1]; 
                maxsum[j] = INF; 
            } 
     
            // calculating the maximum 
            // contiguous array for every 
            // length j, j is from 1 to 
            // lengtn of the array 
            for (int j = 1; j <= len && j <= 6; j++) 
                for (int k = 1; k <= len; k++) 
                    if (j + k - 1 <= len) 
                        maxsum[j] = Math.Max(maxsum[j], 
                                    current_arr[j + k - 1] - 
                                    current_arr[k - 1]); 
     
            // every state is depending 
            // on its previous state 
            for (int j = 0; j <= 6; j++) 
                dp[i, j] = dp[i - 1, j]; 
     
            // computation of dp table 
            // similar approach as 
            // knapsack problem 
            for (int j = 1; j <= 6; j++) 
                for (int cur = 1; cur <= j && 
                                cur <= len; cur++) 
                    dp[i, j] = Math.Max(dp[i, j], 
                                        dp[i - 1, j - cur] + 
                                            maxsum[cur]); 
        } 
     
        // now we have done processing 
        // with the last array lets 
        // find out what is the maximum 
        // sum possible 
        int ans = 0; 
        for (int i = 0; i <= 6; i++) 
            ans = Math.Max(ans, dp[5, i]); 
     
        return ans; 
    } 
     
    // Driver Code 
    static void Main() 
    { 
        // first element of each 
        // row is the size of that row 
        int[][] arr = new int[][] 
        { 
            new int[]{ 3, 2, 3, 5 }, 
            new int[]{ 2, 7, -1 }, 
            new int[]{ 2, 8, 10 }, 
            new int[]{ 4, 5, 2, 6, 1 }, 
            new int[]{ 3, 2, 3, -2 } 
        }; 
        Console.Write ("Maximum sum can be " + 
                            "obtained is : " + 
                        maxSum(arr) + "\n"); 
    } 
} 
 
// This code is contributed by 
// Manish Shaw(manishshaw1) 

Javascript

// Javascript program to find maximum sum 
// of array of size less than or 
// equal to m from given n arrays 
 
    /* N and M to define 
    sizes of arr, 
    dp, current_arr 
    and maxSum */
     
    let N = 105; 
    let M = 1001; 
     
    // INF to define 
    // min value 
    let INF = -1111111111; 
     
    // Function to find 
    // maximum sum 
    function maxSum(arr) 
    { 
        // dp array of size N x M 
        let dp = new Array(N); 
     
        for(let i = 0;i<N;i++){
            dp[i] = new Array(M);
        }
     
        // current_arr of size M 
        let current_arr = new Array(M); 
     
        // maxsum of size M 
        let maxsum = new Array(M); 
         
        for (let i = 0; i < N; i++) 
        { 
            for (let j = 0; j < M ; j++){
              dp[i][j] = -1; 
            }
                 
        } 
     
        current_arr[0] = 0; 
     
        // if we have 0 elements 
        // from 0th array 
        dp[0][0] = 0; 
     
        for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) 
        { 
            let len = arr[i - 1][0]; 
     
            // compute the cumulative 
            // sum array 
            for (let j = 1; j <= len; j++) 
            { 
                current_arr[j] = arr[i - 1][j]; 
                current_arr[j] += current_arr[j - 1]; 
                maxsum[j] = INF; 
            } 
     
            // calculating the maximum 
            // contiguous array for every 
            // length j, j is from 1 to 
            // lengtn of the array 
            for (let j = 1; j <= len && j <= 6; j++) 
                for (let k = 1; k <= len; k++) 
                    if (j + k - 1 <= len) 
                        maxsum[j] = Math.max(maxsum[j], 
                                    current_arr[j + k - 1] - 
                                    current_arr[k - 1]); 
     
            // every state is depending 
            // on its previous state 
            for (let j = 0; j <= 6; j++) 
                dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j]; 
     
            // computation of dp table 
            // similar approach as 
            // knapsack problem 
            for (let j = 1; j <= 6; j++) 
                for (let cur = 1; cur <= j && 
                                cur <= len; cur++) 
                    dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i][j], 
                                        dp[i - 1][j - cur] + 
                                            maxsum[cur]); 
        } 
     
        // now we have done processing 
        // with the last array lets 
        // find out what is the maximum 
        // sum possible 
        let ans = 0; 
        for (let i = 0; i <= 6; i++) 
            ans = Math.max(ans, dp[5][i]); 
     
        return ans; 
    } 
     
           // first element of each 
        // row is the size of that row 
        let arr = [ 
                [ 3, 2, 3, 5 ], 
                [ 2, 7, -1 ], 
                [ 2, 8, 10 ], 
                [ 4, 5, 2, 6, 1 ], 
                [ 3, 2, 3, -2 ] 
        ]; 
       console.log("Maximum sum can be " + "obtained is : " +  maxSum(arr)); 
        
// This code is contributed by aadityaburujwale.

Output

Maximum sum can be obtained is : 39

Time complexity : O( $m^2$ n)
Auxiliary Space: O(n*m)

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Find maximum sum array of length less than or equal to m

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