Exceptions in Selenium Python are the errors that occur when one of method fails or an unexpected event occurs. All instances in Python must be instances of a class that derives from BaseException. Two exception classes that are not related via subclassing are never equivalent, even if they have the same name. The built-in exceptions can be generated by the interpreter or built-in functions. This article revolves around multiple exceptions that can occur during the run of a Selenium program.
Example –
Let’s demonstrate Exception by trying to find an element that doesn’t exist and click it at geeksforgeeks.org
Python3
# import webdriverfrom selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import By# create webdriver objectdriver = webdriver.Firefox()# get neveropen.techdriver.get("https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/")# get elementelement = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "abrakadabra")# click the itemprint(element.click()) |
Now, let’s run this program, it first open geeksforgeeks.org and then raise exception – selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException, which means that element doesn’t exist on the website.
Exceptions in Selenium Python
Exceptions are of primary use when you are writing development-ready code especially which is at a high risk of causing a certain type of exception. So here is a list of all exceptions in Selenium Python.
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| ElementClickInterceptedException | The Element Click command could not be completed because the element receiving the events is obscuring the element that was requested clicked. |
| ElementNotInteractableException | Thrown when an element is present in the DOM but interactions with that element will hit another element do to paint order |
| ElementNotSelectableException | Thrown when trying to select an unselectable element. |
| ElementNotVisibleException | Thrown when an element is present on the DOM, but it is not visible, and so is not able to be interacted with. |
| ErrorInResponseException | Thrown when an error has occurred on the server side. |
| ImeActivationFailedException | Thrown when activating an IME engine has failed. |
| ImeNotAvailableException | Thrown when IME support is not available. |
| InsecureCertificateException | Navigation caused the user agent to hit a certificate warning, which is usually the result of an expired or invalid TLS certificate. |
| InvalidArgumentException | The arguments passed to a command are either invalid or malformed. |
| InvalidCookieDomainException | Thrown when attempting to add a cookie under a different domain than the current URL. |
| InvalidCoordinatesException | The coordinates provided to an interactions operation are invalid. |
| InvalidElementStateException | Thrown when a command could not be completed because the element is in an invalid state. |
| InvalidSelectorException | Thrown when the selector which is used to find an element does not return a WebElement. |
| InvalidSessionIdException | Occurs if the given session id is not in the list of active sessions, meaning the session either does not exist or that it’s not active. |
| InvalidSwitchToTargetException | Thrown when frame or window target to be switched doesn’t exist. |
| MoveTargetOutOfBoundsException | Thrown when the target provided to the ActionsChains move() method is invalid, i.e. out of document. |
| NoAlertPresentException | Thrown when switching to no presented alert. |
| NoSuchAttributeException | Thrown when the attribute of element could not be found. |
| NoSuchCookieException | No cookie matching the given path name was found amongst the associated cookies of the current browsing context’s active document. |
| NoSuchFrameException | Thrown when frame target to be switched doesn’t exist. |
| NoSuchWindowException | Thrown when window target to be switched doesn’t exist. |
| StaleElementReferenceException | Thrown when a reference to an element is now “stale”. |
| TimeoutException | Thrown when a command does not complete in enough time. |
| UnableToSetCookieException | Thrown when a driver fails to set a cookie. |
| UnexpectedAlertPresentException | Thrown when an unexpected alert is appeared. |
| UnexpectedTagNameException | Thrown when a support class did not get an expected web element |
