Turtle is a Python feature like a drawing board, which lets us command a turtle to draw all over it! We can use functions like turtle.forward(…) and turtle.right(…) which can move the turtle around. Turtle is a beginner-friendly way to learn Python by running some basic commands and viewing the turtle do it graphically. It is like a drawing board that allows you to draw over it. The turtle module can be used in both object-oriented and procedure-oriented ways.
To draw, Python turtle provides many functions and methods i.e. forward, backward, etc. Some the commonly used methods are:
- forward(x): moves the pen in the forward direction by x unit.
- backward(x): moves the pen in the backward direction by x unit.
- right(x): rotate the pen in the clockwise direction by an angle x.
- left(x): rotate the pen in the anticlockwise direction by an angle x.
- penup(): stop drawing of the turtle pen.
- pendown(): start drawing of the turtle pen.
Now to draw a circle using turtle, we will use a predefined function in “turtle”.
circle(radius): This function draws a circle of the given radius by taking the “turtle” position as the center.
Example:
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# circle drawing import turtle # Initializing the turtlet = turtle.Turtle() r = 50t.circle(r) |
Output :
Tangent Circles
A tangent is a line that touches the circumference of a circle from outside at a point, provided that any extension of the line will not cause intersection with the circle. Now, think about a group of circles, that have a common tangent. The group of circles, having common tangent, are known as tangent circles.
Example:
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# tangent circle drawing import turtle t = turtle.Turtle() # radius for smallest circler = 10 # number of circlesn = 10 # loop for printing tangent circlesfor i in range(1, n + 1, 1): t.circle(r * i) |
Output :
Spiral Circle
Spiral is a shape similar to a circle, except that the radius of the spiral gradually increases after every completed round.
Example:
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# spiral circle drawing import turtle t = turtle.Turtle() # taking radius of initial radiusr = 10 # Loop for printing spiral circlefor i in range(100): t.circle(r + i, 45) |
Output :
Cocentric Circles
The term concentric is used for a group of things having common. Now Circles having the same center are termed as Concentric Circle.
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# concentric circle drawing import turtle t = turtle.Turtle() # radius of the circler = 10 # Loop for printing concentric circlesfor i in range(50): t.circle(r * i) t.up() t.sety((r * i)*(-1)) t.down() |
Output :
