Formsets in a Django is an advanced way of handling multiple forms on a single webpage. In other words, Formsets are a group of forms in Django. One might want to initialize multiple forms on a single page all of which may involve multiple POST requests, for example
from django import forms
class GeeksForm(forms.Form):
title = forms.CharField()
pub_date = forms.DateField()
Now one might want to permit the user to create articles at once, so if thought in a conventional manner one uses multiple forms and different names for each form to handle data on a single page but this would complicate the code as well as functionality. A formset is a layer of abstraction to work with multiple forms on the same page. It can be best compared to a data grid.
Now to create a formset of this GeeksForm,
from django.forms import formset_factory GeeksFormSet = formset_factory(GeeksForm)
Creating and using Django Formsets
Illustration of Rendering Django Forms Manually using an Example. Consider a project named neveropen having an app named Lazyroar.
Refer to the following articles to check how to create a project and an app in Django.
In your Lazyroar app make a new file called forms.py where you would be making all your forms. To create a Django form you need to use Django Form Class. Let’s demonstrate how,
In your forms.py Enter the following,
from django import forms # create a form class GeeksForm(forms.Form): title = forms.CharField() description = forms.CharField() |
Let’s explain what exactly is happening, left side denotes the name of the field and to right of it, you define various functionalities of an input field correspondingly. A field’s syntax is denoted as
Syntax :
Field_name = forms.FieldType(attributes)
Now to create a simple formset of this form, move to views.py and create a formset_view as below.
from django.shortcuts import render # relative import of forms from .forms import GeeksForm # importing formset_factory from django.forms import formset_factory def formset_view(request): context ={} # creating a formset GeeksFormSet = formset_factory(GeeksForm) formset = GeeksFormSet() # Add the formset to context dictionary context['formset']= formset return render(request, "home.html", context) |
To render the formset through HTML, create a html file “home.html”. Now let’s edit templates > home.html
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} {{ formset.as_p }} <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> |
All set to check if our formset is working or not let’s visit http://localhost:8000/.
.
Our formset is working completely. Let’s learn how to modify this formset to use extra features of this formset.
How to create Multiple forms using Django Formsets
Django formsets are used to handle multiple instances of a form. One can create multiple forms easily using extra attribute of Django Formsets. In Lazyroar/views.py,
from django.shortcuts import render # relative import of forms from .forms import GeeksForm # importing formset_factory from django.forms import formset_factory def formset_view(request): context ={} # creating a formset and 5 instances of GeeksForm GeeksFormSet = formset_factory(GeeksForm, extra = 5) formset = GeeksFormSet() # Add the formset to context dictionary context['formset']= formset return render(request, "home.html", context) |
The keyword argument extra makes multiple copies of same form. If one wants to create 5 forms enter extra = 5 and similarly for others. Visit http://localhost:8000/ to check if 5 forms are created.
Handling Multiple forms using Django Formsets
Creating a form is much easier than handling the data entered into those fields at the back end. Let’s try to demonstrate how one can easily use the data of a formset in a view. When trying to handle formset, Django formsets required one extra argument {{ formset.management_data }}. To know more about Management data, visit Understanding the ManagementForm.
In templates/home.html,
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <!-- Management data of formset --> {{ formset.management_data }} <!-- Security token --> {% csrf_token %} <!-- Using the formset --> {{ formset.as_p }} <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> |
Now to check how and what type of data is being rendered edit formset_view to print the data. In Lazyroar/view.py,
from django.shortcuts import render # relative import of forms from .forms import GeeksForm # importing formset_factory from django.forms import formset_factory def formset_view(request): context ={} # creating a formset and 5 instances of GeeksForm GeeksFormSet = formset_factory(GeeksForm, extra = 3) formset = GeeksFormSet(request.POST or None) # print formset data if it is valid if formset.is_valid(): for form in formset: print(form.cleaned_data) # Add the formset to context dictionary context['formset']= formset return render(request, "home.html", context) |
Now let’s try to enter data in the formset through http://localhost:8000/
Hit submit and data will be display in command line where server is running. One can use this data in any manner conveniently now.
Formset is advanced stuff which can be used to resolve a number of problems but should be used with correct syntax and field validations otherwise conflicts and errors will disrupt the normal functioning. To know more about Formsets, Visit Official Documentation for Formsets.
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