There are two sorted arrays. First one is of size m+n containing only m elements. Another one is of size n and contains n elements. Merge these two arrays into the first array of size m+n such that the output is sorted.
Input: array with m+n elements (mPlusN[]).
NA => Value is not filled/available in array mPlusN[]. There should be n such array blocks.
Input: array with n elements (N[]).
Output: N[] merged into mPlusN[] (Modified mPlusN[])
Algorithm:
Let first array be mPlusN[] and other array be N[] 1) Move m elements of mPlusN[] to end. 2) Start from nth element of mPlusN[] and 0th element of N[] and merge them into mPlusN[].
Below is the implementation of the above algorithm :
C++
// C++ program to Merge an array of // size n into another array of size m + n #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; /* Assuming -1 is filled for the places where element is not available */#define NA -1 /* Function to move m elements at the end of array mPlusN[] */void moveToEnd(int mPlusN[], int size) { int j = size - 1; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) if (mPlusN[i] != NA) { mPlusN[j] = mPlusN[i]; j--; } } /* Merges array N[] of size n into array mPlusN[] of size m+n*/void merge(int mPlusN[], int N[], int m, int n) { int i = n; /* Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[]*/ int j = 0; /* Current index of N[]*/ int k = 0; /* Current index of output mPlusN[]*/ while (k < (m + n)) { /* Take an element from mPlusN[] if a) value of the picked element is smaller and we have not reached end of it b) We have reached end of N[] */ if ((j == n)||(i < (m + n) && mPlusN[i] <= N[j])) { mPlusN[k] = mPlusN[i]; k++; i++; } else // Otherwise take element from N[] { mPlusN[k] = N[j]; k++; j++; } } } /* Utility that prints out an array on a line */void printArray(int arr[], int size) { for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) cout << arr[i] << " "; cout << endl; } /* Driver code */int main() { /* Initialize arrays */ int mPlusN[] = {2, 8, NA, NA, NA, 13, NA, 15, 20}; int N[] = {5, 7, 9, 25}; int n = sizeof(N) / sizeof(N[0]); int m = sizeof(mPlusN) / sizeof(mPlusN[0]) - n; /*Move the m elements at the end of mPlusN*/ moveToEnd(mPlusN, m + n); /*Merge N[] into mPlusN[] */ merge(mPlusN, N, m, n); /* Print the resultant mPlusN */ printArray(mPlusN, m+n); return 0; } |
C
// C program to Merge an array of // size n into another array of size m + n #include <stdio.h> /* Assuming -1 is filled for the places where element is not available */#define NA -1 /* Function to move m elements at the end of array mPlusN[] */void moveToEnd(int mPlusN[], int size) { int i = 0, j = size - 1; for (i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) if (mPlusN[i] != NA) { mPlusN[j] = mPlusN[i]; j--; } } /* Merges array N[] of size n into array mPlusN[] of size m+n*/void merge(int mPlusN[], int N[], int m, int n) { int i = n; /* Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[]*/ int j = 0; /* Current index of N[]*/ int k = 0; /* Current index of output mPlusN[]*/ while (k < (m + n)) { /* Take an element from mPlusN[] if a) value of the picked element is smaller and we have not reached end of it b) We have reached end of N[] */ if ((j == n)|| (i < (m + n) && mPlusN[i] <= N[j])) { mPlusN[k] = mPlusN[i]; k++; i++; } else // Otherwise take element from N[] { mPlusN[k] = N[j]; k++; j++; } } } /* Utility that prints out an array on a line */void printArray(int arr[], int size) { int i; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) printf("%d ", arr[i]); printf("\n"); } /* Driver code */int main() { /* Initialize arrays */ int mPlusN[] = { 2, 8, NA, NA, NA, 13, NA, 15, 20 }; int N[] = { 5, 7, 9, 25 }; int n = sizeof(N) / sizeof(N[0]); int m = sizeof(mPlusN) / sizeof(mPlusN[0]) - n; /*Move the m elements at the end of mPlusN*/ moveToEnd(mPlusN, m + n); /*Merge N[] into mPlusN[] */ merge(mPlusN, N, m, n); /* Print the resultant mPlusN */ printArray(mPlusN, m + n); return 0; } |
Java
// Java program to Merge an array of // size n into another array of size m + n class MergeArrays { /* Function to move m elements at the end of array * mPlusN[] */ void moveToEnd(int mPlusN[], int size) { int i, j = size - 1; for (i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (mPlusN[i] != -1) { mPlusN[j] = mPlusN[i]; j--; } } } /* Merges array N[] of size n into array mPlusN[] of size m+n*/ void merge(int mPlusN[], int N[], int m, int n) { int i = n; /* Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[]*/ int j = 0; /* Current index of N[]*/ int k = 0; /* Current index of output mPlusN[]*/ while (k < (m + n)) { /* Take an element from mPlusN[] if a) value of the picked element is smaller and we have not reached end of it b) We have reached end of N[] */ if ((i < (m + n) && mPlusN[i] <= N[j]) || (j == n)) { mPlusN[k] = mPlusN[i]; k++; i++; } else // Otherwise take element from N[] { mPlusN[k] = N[j]; k++; j++; } } } /* Utility that prints out an array on a line */ void printArray(int arr[], int size) { int i; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) System.out.print(arr[i] + " "); System.out.println(""); } // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) { MergeArrays mergearray = new MergeArrays(); /* Initialize arrays */ int mPlusN[] = { 2, 8, -1, -1, -1, 13, -1, 15, 20 }; int N[] = { 5, 7, 9, 25 }; int n = N.length; int m = mPlusN.length - n; /*Move the m elements at the end of mPlusN*/ mergearray.moveToEnd(mPlusN, m + n); /*Merge N[] into mPlusN[] */ mergearray.merge(mPlusN, N, m, n); /* Print the resultant mPlusN */ mergearray.printArray(mPlusN, m + n); } } // This code has been contributed by Mayank Jaiswal |
Python3
# Python program to Merge an array of # size n into another array of size m + n NA = -1 # Function to move m elements # at the end of array mPlusN[] def moveToEnd(mPlusN, size): i = 0 j = size - 1 for i in range(size-1, -1, -1): if (mPlusN[i] != NA): mPlusN[j] = mPlusN[i] j -= 1 # Merges array N[] # of size n into array mPlusN[] # of size m+n def merge(mPlusN, N, m, n): i = n # Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[] j = 0 # Current index of N[] k = 0 # Current index of output mPlusN[] while (k < (m+n)): # Take an element from mPlusN[] if # a) value of the picked # element is smaller and we have # not reached end of it # b) We have reached end of N[] */ if ((j == n) or (i < (m+n) and mPlusN[i] <= N[j])): mPlusN[k] = mPlusN[i] k += 1 i += 1 else: # Otherwise take element from N[] mPlusN[k] = N[j] k += 1 j += 1 # Utility that prints # out an array on a line def printArray(arr, size): for i in range(size): print(arr[i], " ", end="") print() # Driver function to # test above functions # Initialize arrays mPlusN = [2, 8, NA, NA, NA, 13, NA, 15, 20] N = [5, 7, 9, 25] n = len(N) m = len(mPlusN) - n # Move the m elements # at the end of mPlusN moveToEnd(mPlusN, m+n) # Merge N[] into mPlusN[] merge(mPlusN, N, m, n) # Print the resultant mPlusN printArray(mPlusN, m+n) # This code is contributed # by Anant Agarwal. |
C#
// C# program to Merge an array of // size n into another array of size m + n using System; class GFG { /* Function to move m elements at the end of array mPlusN[] */ public virtual void moveToEnd(int[] mPlusN, int size) { int i, j = size - 1; for (i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (mPlusN[i] != -1) { mPlusN[j] = mPlusN[i]; j--; } } } /* Merges array N[] of size n into array mPlusN[] of size m+n*/ public virtual void merge(int[] mPlusN, int[] N, int m, int n) { int i = n; /* Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[]*/ int j = 0; /* Current index of N[]*/ int k = 0; /* Current index of output mPlusN[]*/ while (k < (m + n)) { /* Take an element from mPlusN[] if a) value of the picked element is smaller and we have not reached end of it b) We have reached end of N[] */ if ((j == n)(i < (m + n) && mPlusN[i] <= N[j])) { mPlusN[k] = mPlusN[i]; k++; i++; } else // Otherwise take element from N[] { mPlusN[k] = N[j]; k++; j++; } } } /* Utility that prints out an array on a line */ public virtual void printArray(int[] arr, int size) { int i; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { Console.Write(arr[i] + " "); } Console.WriteLine(""); } // Driver Code public static void Main(string[] args) { GFG mergearray = new GFG(); /* Initialize arrays */ int[] mPlusN = new int[] { 2, 8, -1, -1, -1, 13, -1, 15, 20 }; int[] N = new int[] { 5, 7, 9, 25 }; int n = N.Length; int m = mPlusN.Length - n; /*Move the m elements at the end of mPlusN*/ mergearray.moveToEnd(mPlusN, m + n); /*Merge N[] into mPlusN[] */ mergearray.merge(mPlusN, N, m, n); /* Print the resultant mPlusN */ mergearray.printArray(mPlusN, m + n); } } // This code is contributed by Shrikant13 |
PHP
<?php // PHP program to Merge an array // of size n into another array // of size m + n /* Assuming -1 is filled for the places where element is not available */$NA = -1; /* Function to move m elements at the end of array mPlusN[] */function moveToEnd(&$mPlusN, $size) { global $NA; $j = $size - 1; for ($i = $size - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) if ($mPlusN[$i] != $NA) { $mPlusN[$j] = $mPlusN[$i]; $j--; } } /* Merges array N[] of size n into array mPlusN[] of size m+n*/function merge(&$mPlusN, &$N, $m, $n) { $i = $n; /* Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[]*/ $j = 0; /* Current index of N[]*/ $k = 0; /* Current index of output mPlusN[]*/ while ($k < ($m + $n)) { /* Take an element from mPlusN[] if a) value of the picked element is smaller and we have not reached end of it b) We have reached end of N[] */ if (($j == $n) || ($i < ($m + $n) && $mPlusN[$i] <= $N[$j])) { $mPlusN[$k] = $mPlusN[$i]; $k++; $i++; } else // Otherwise take element from N[] { $mPlusN[$k] = $N[$j]; $k++; $j++; } } } /* Utility that prints out an array on a line */function printArray(&$arr, $size) { for ($i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) echo $arr[$i] . " "; echo "\n"; } // Driver Code /* Initialize arrays */$mPlusN = array(2, 8, $NA, $NA, $NA, 13, $NA, 15, 20); $N = array(5, 7, 9, 25); $n = sizeof($N); $m = sizeof($mPlusN) - $n; /* Move the m elements at the end of mPlusN*/moveToEnd($mPlusN, $m + $n); /* Merge N[] into mPlusN[] */merge($mPlusN, $N, $m, $n); /* Print the resultant mPlusN */printArray($mPlusN, $m+$n); // This code is contributed // by ChitraNayal ?> |
Javascript
<script> // Javascript program to Merge an array of // size n into another array of size m + n /* Function to move m elements at the end of array * mPlusN[] */ function moveToEnd(mPlusN,size) { let i = 0; let j = size - 1; for (i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (mPlusN[i] != -1) { mPlusN[j] = mPlusN[i]; j--; } } } /* Merges array N[] of size n into array mPlusN[] of size m+n*/ function merge(mPlusN, N, m, n) { let i = n; /* Current index of i/p part of mPlusN[]*/ let j = 0; /* Current index of N[]*/ let k = 0; /* Current index of output mPlusN[]*/ while (k < (m + n)) { /* Take an element from mPlusN[] if a) value of the picked element is smaller and we have not reached end of it b) We have reached end of N[] */ if ((i < (m + n) && mPlusN[i] <= N[j]) || (j == n)) { mPlusN[k] = mPlusN[i]; k++; i++; } else // Otherwise take element from N[] { mPlusN[k] = N[j]; k++; j++; } } } /* Utility that prints out an array on a line */ function printArray(arr,size) { let i = 0; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { document.write(arr[i] + " "); } document.write("\n"); } // Driver Code /* Initialize arrays */ let mPlusN = [2, 8, -1, -1, -1, 13, -1, 15, 20]; let N = [ 5, 7, 9, 25] let n = N.length; let m = mPlusN.length - n; /*Move the m elements at the end of mPlusN*/ moveToEnd(mPlusN, m + n); /*Merge N[] into mPlusN[] */ merge(mPlusN, N, m, n); /* Print the resultant mPlusN */ printArray(mPlusN, m + n); // This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155 </script> |
Output
2 5 7 8 9 13 15 20 25
Time Complexity: O(m+n)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Please write a comment if you find any bug in the above program or a better way to solve the same problem.
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