JMenuBar, JMenu and JMenuItems are a part of Java Swing package. JMenuBar is an implementation of menu bar . the JMenuBar contains one or more JMenu objects, when the JMenu objects are selected they display a popup showing one or more JMenuItems . JMenu basically represents a menu . It contains several JMenuItem Object . It may also contain JMenu Objects (or submenu). Constructors :
- JMenuBar() : Creates a new MenuBar.
- JMenu() : Creates a new Menu with no text.
- JMenu(String name) : Creates a new Menu with a specified name.
- JMenu(String name, boolean b) : Creates a new Menu with a specified name and boolean value specifies it as a tear-off menu or not. A tear-off menu can be opened and dragged away from its parent menu bar or menu.
Commonly used methods:
- add(JMenu c) : Adds menu to the menu bar. Adds JMenu object to the Menu bar.
- add(Component c) : Add component to the end of JMenu
- add(Component c, int index) : Add component to the specified index of JMenu
- add(JMenuItem menuItem) : Adds menu item to the end of the menu.
- add(String s) : Creates a menu item with specified string and appends it to the end of menu.
- getItem(int index) : Returns the specified menuitem at the given index
The following programs will illustrate the use of JMenuBar 1. Program to make a MenuBar and add menu items to it
Java
// Java program to construct// Menu bar to add menu itemsimport java.awt.*;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class menu extends JFrame { // menubar static JMenuBar mb; // JMenu static JMenu x; // Menu items static JMenuItem m1, m2, m3; // create a frame static JFrame f; public static void main() { // create a frame f = new JFrame("Menu demo"); // create a menubar mb = new JMenuBar(); // create a menu x = new JMenu("Menu"); // create menuitems m1 = new JMenuItem("MenuItem1"); m2 = new JMenuItem("MenuItem2"); m3 = new JMenuItem("MenuItem3"); // add menu items to menu x.add(m1); x.add(m2); x.add(m3); // add menu to menu bar mb.add(x); // add menubar to frame f.setJMenuBar(mb); // set the size of the frame f.setSize(500, 500); f.setVisible(true); }} |
Output : 
2. Program to add a menubar and add menuitems, submenu items and also add ActionListener to menu items
Java
// Java program to add a menubar// and add menuitems, submenu items and also add// ActionListener to menu itemsimport java.awt.*;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class menu1 extends JFrame implements ActionListener { // menubar static JMenuBar mb; // JMenu static JMenu x, x1; // Menu items static JMenuItem m1, m2, m3, s1, s2; // create a frame static JFrame f; // a label static JLabel l; // main class public static void main() { // create an object of the class menu1 m = new menu1(); // create a frame f = new JFrame("Menu demo"); // create a label l = new JLabel("no task "); // create a menubar mb = new JMenuBar(); // create a menu x = new JMenu("Menu"); x1 = new JMenu("submenu"); // create menuitems m1 = new JMenuItem("MenuItem1"); m2 = new JMenuItem("MenuItem2"); m3 = new JMenuItem("MenuItem3"); s1 = new JMenuItem("SubMenuItem1"); s2 = new JMenuItem("SubMenuItem2"); // add ActionListener to menuItems m1.addActionListener(m); m2.addActionListener(m); m3.addActionListener(m); s1.addActionListener(m); s2.addActionListener(m); // add menu items to menu x.add(m1); x.add(m2); x.add(m3); x1.add(s1); x1.add(s2); // add submenu x.add(x1); // add menu to menu bar mb.add(x); // add menubar to frame f.setJMenuBar(mb); // add label f.add(l); // set the size of the frame f.setSize(500, 500); f.setVisible(true); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String s = e.getActionCommand(); // set the label to the menuItem that is selected l.setText(s + " selected"); }} |
Output:
Note : The following program might not run in an online compiler, please use an offline IDE.
