Prerequisites: Matplotlib, NumPy
Graphical representations are always easy to understand and are adopted and preferable before any written or verbal communication. With Matplotlib we can draw different types of Graphical data. In this article, we will try to understand, How can we create a beautiful graph using matplotlib and create a 3D animated Graph using Matplotlib.
Approach:
- Import required module.
- Create a 3d figure
- Create sample data
- Animate 360 views of the graph.
- Display Graph.
Step 1: Import library.
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3d |
Step 2: The purpose of using plt.figure() is to create a figure object. We will use plt.axes () to create separate sets of axes in which you will draw each.
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dfig = plt.figure(figsize = (8,8))ax = plt.axes(projection = '3d') |
Step 3: In this step, we will create our data and plot different graphs.
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dfrom scipy import signalfig = plt.figure(figsize = (8,8))ax = plt.axes(projection='3d')t = np.linspace(0, 1, 1000, endpoint=True)ax.plot3D(t, signal.square(2 * np.pi * 5 * t)) |
Step 4: 360-degree movement of the graph.
view_init(elev=, azim=)This can be used to rotate the axes programmatically.‘elev’ stores the elevation angle in the z plane. ‘azim’ stores the azimuth angle in the x,y plane.D constructor. The draw() function in pyplot module of the matplotlib library is used to redraw the current figure
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dfrom scipy import signalfig = plt.figure(figsize = (8,8))ax = plt.axes(projection='3d')t = np.linspace(0, 1, 1000, endpoint=True)ax.plot3D(t, signal.square(2 * np.pi * 5 * t))for angle in range(0, 360): ax.view_init(angle,30) plt.draw() plt.pause(.001) |
Example 1: In this example, we plot a square wave, and we will see its 360-degree view.
Linspace(): A linspace function is a tool in Python for creating numeric sequences.The plot3D() function of matplotlib library is used to make a 3D plotting.
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dfrom scipy import signal# Creating 3D figurefig = plt.figure(figsize = (8, 8))ax = plt.axes(projection = '3d')# Creating Datasett = np.linspace(0, 1, 1000, endpoint = True)ax.plot3D(t, signal.square(2 * np.pi * 5 * t))# 360 Degree viewfor angle in range(0, 360): ax.view_init(angle, 30) plt.draw() plt.pause(.001) plt.show() |
Output:
Example 2: In this example, we plot a spiral graph, and we will see its 360-degree view
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dfrom scipy import signal# Creating 3D figurefig = plt.figure(figsize = (8,8))ax = plt.axes(projection='3d')# Creating Datasetz = np.linspace(0, 15, 1000)x = np.sin(z)y = np.cos(z)ax.plot3D(x, y, z, 'green')# 360 Degree viewfor angle in range(0, 360): ax.view_init(angle, 30) plt.draw() plt.pause(.001)plt.show() |
Output:
Example 3: In this example, we will display the Parabola Graph.
plt.rcParams(axes.prop_cycle):- Calling the ‘axes.prop_cycle’ which returns an itertools.cycle.
Linspace(): A linspace function is a tool in Python for creating numeric sequences.
Python3
from numpy import linspaceimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits import mplot3dfrom scipy import signal# Creating 3D figurefig = plt.figure(figsize = (8,8))ax = plt.axes(projection = '3d')# Creating Datasetcolor_cycle = plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle']()x = linspace(0, 1, 51)a = x*( 1 - x) b = 0.25 - a c = x*x*(1 - x)d = 0.25-c ax.plot3D(x, a, **next(color_cycle))# 360 Degree viewfor angle in range(0, 360): ax.view_init(angle, 30) plt.draw() plt.pause(.001)plt.show() |
Output:
