Tom Read
Published on: October 15, 2025
Speaking up against corruption, abuse, or misconduct can come at a high personal cost. Around the world, whistleblowers, journalists, and dissidents face legal prosecution, digital surveillance, harassment, exile, and even violence.
The consequences can be extreme. In 2024, 361 journalists were imprisoned worldwide, with many sentenced to years, or even life, in jail under broad anti-state laws.
Human rights defenders are regularly subjected to arbitrary detention, smear campaigns, travel bans, and intimidation. Targeted spyware, such as Pegasus, continues to be deployed against reporters and activists, leaving them with no sense of digital safety. Even in less repressive environments, whistleblowers risk retaliation at work, career loss, and severe psychological stress.
This article gathers practical resources, including legal support, relocation programs, media channels, and security tools, that can help protect whistleblowers and dissidents.
If you are in an immediate crisis, you can call local law enforcement or find a local support helpline. If you are a journalist facing arrest, contact the Reporters Committee Legal Hotline at 1-800-336-4243.
Who You Should Speak to About Your Options
If you or others are in immediate danger, your first step is to call local law enforcement. For threats linked to federal crimes such as organized crime or foreign interference, you can also contact the FBI at 1-800-225-5324 or through tips.fbi.gov.
Before taking further action, consult a whistleblower rights attorney. Many offer free consultations and can explain your legal protections, the best way to document evidence, and what long-term options exist, such as whistleblower protection or witness protection programs.
If it is safe, you may report your concern internally to your employer or directly to the relevant regulator. Media disclosure should be treated as a last resort, as in some countries going public may forfeit your legal whistleblowing protections.
Emergency hotlines (listed below) can help guide you to the right type of immediate support.
Emergency Hotlines & Crisis Support
In moments of danger, whistleblowers and dissidents may need urgent support. The following hotlines and crisis services offer confidential and, in many cases, encrypted communication channels. They provide emergency help ranging from physical protection to legal aid and psychological support.
1. Front Line Defenders (FLD)
- Website:Â frontlinedefenders.org
- Service Type:Â Emergency protection for human rights defenders
- Contact:Â +353 1 210 0489Â (24/7)
- Coverage:Â Global
- Operated by:Â Front Line Defenders (NGO)
Front Line Defenders is an international organization founded in Dublin in 2001 to protect human rights defenders at risk. It runs a 24-hour emergency phone line available in Arabic, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. Additionally, FLD operates a Human Rights Defenders Secure Contact Form for requesting help online.
The group provides rapid crisis response, including emergency grants, advocacy, and relocation support when defenders face threats to their lives or work. With staff based across the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, FLD can respond quickly to cases in different regions.
FLD also participates in the Canada Global Refugee Stream for Human Rights Defenders, a program run by the Canadian government. Through this stream, FLD can refer up to 125 cases each year (including family members) for permanent resettlement in Canada.
2. US Department of Defense Inspector General Hotline
- Website:Â dodig.mil/Components/Administrative-Investigations/DoD-Hotline/
- Service Type:Â Reporting violations and misconduct
- Contact:Â 1 800 424 9098 (24/7)
- Coverage:Â United States
- Operated by:Â US Department of Defense
The DoD Inspector General Hotline provides a confidential channel for whistleblowers to report fraud, waste, abuse, and other serious misconduct involving Department of Defense personnel. Reports can be filed by phone or through an online complaint form.
Callers are advised to contact their local or command-level Inspector General office first, as this may provide faster resolution. Each military branch also operates its own dedicated hotline.
4. ProtectDefenders.eu
- Website:Â protectdefenders.eu
- Service Type:Â Emergency protection for human rights defenders in the EU
- Contact:Â +353 1 21 00 489 (24/7)
- Coverage:Â International, with a focus on EU-supported protection
- Operated by:Â Consortium of 12 NGOs
ProtectDefenders.eu is the European Union’s mechanism for supporting human rights defenders at risk. It runs a 24/7 emergency line and an encrypted contact form to request help.
Support includes rapid emergency assistance, temporary relocation, shelter arrangements, financial aid, and capacity-building programs. ProtectDefenders.eu also coordinates the EU temporary relocation platform, which connects defenders in danger with safe housing within or outside their regions.
5. DefendDefenders
- Website:Â defenddefenders.org
- Service Type:Â Protection and advocacy for human rights defenders
- Contact:Â +256 707 020 086 / Signal: +256 783 027 611 (24/7)
- Coverage:Â East Africa and the Horn of Africa
- Operated by:Â DefendDefenders (NGO)
DefendDefenders supports human rights defenders across eleven countries in East Africa and the Horn of Africa, including Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. The group offers a 24/7 emergency phone line and an encrypted contact form for defenders in immediate danger.
Its work includes physical and digital protection, advocacy, research, and coalition building. DefendDefenders also manages the East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Network, representing thousands of defenders and providing a collective voice at the regional and international level.
NGOs and Advocacy Organizations
Alongside hotlines and emergency support, whistleblowers and dissidents often need long-term advocacy, legal help, or systemic protection. The following organizations work globally and regionally to strengthen legal safeguards, provide direct support, and push for accountability.
1. Whistleblowing International Network (WIN)
- Website:Â whistleblowingnetwork.org
- Service Type:Â Membership network and advocacy hub
- Coverage:Â Global
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit membership network
The Whistleblowing International Network (WIN) is a global hub for civil society organizations that protect whistleblowers. Established in 2018, WIN helps strengthen the legal, technical, and strategic skills of NGOs across more than 25 countries. Members provide free legal advice, policy expertise, and advocacy support.
WIN has played a key role in shaping stronger whistleblower protections, including contributing to the EU Directive on Whistleblowing adopted in 2019. The network also builds international coalitions, such as linking NGOs in Europe and Latin America through the Valencia Pledge to expand awareness and legal reform.
2. Transparency International
- Website:Â transparency.org
- Service Type:Â Anti-corruption advocacy and legal reform
- Coverage:Â Global (100+ national chapters)
- Operated by:Â Transparency International Secretariat and national chapters
Transparency International is one of the world’s leading anti-corruption NGOs, working through national chapters in more than 100 countries. Its mission is to stop corruption and promote transparency, accountability, and integrity across all sectors of society. It also provides whistleblowers with legal advice, advocacy support, and platforms to expose wrongdoing.
The organization is known for publishing the Corruption Perceptions Index, which ranks 180 countries by perceived levels of public-sector corruption. It also organizes the International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC), bringing together government, business, journalists, and civil society to share strategies for accountability.
3. Reporters Without Borders (RSF)
- Website:Â rsf.org
- Service Type:Â Press freedom and journalist protection
- Coverage:Â Global (134 correspondents, offices in 7 countries)
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit NGO with consultative UN status
Reporters Without Borders (RSF), founded in 1985, defends freedom of information and the safety of journalists worldwide. Recognized as a public interest organization in France, RSF holds consultative status at the UN, UNESCO, and the Council of Europe.
RSF monitors press freedom in 180 countries through its World Press Freedom Index, widely cited as the leading benchmark on media freedom. It also intervenes in cases where journalists and whistleblowers face censorship, retaliation, or physical danger.
4. Whistleblower Aid
- Website:Â whistlebloweraid.org
- Service Type:Â Legal representation and holistic support
- Coverage:Â Primarily US (with global impact cases)
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit legal organization (501(c)(3))
Whistleblower Aid is a nonprofit legal group founded in 2017 to help individuals disclose misconduct safely and lawfully. It has represented high-profile whistleblowers, including Frances Haugen (Facebook)Â and the anonymous intelligence officer whose report contributed to the first impeachment of Donald Trump.
The organization offers comprehensive support beyond legal representation. Services include guidance on disclosures to regulators, anonymity protection, digital and physical security measures, media strategy, and emotional well-being.
5. International Service for Human Rights (ISHR)
- Website:Â ishr.ch
- Service Type:Â Advocacy, legal advice, and human rights training
- Coverage:Â Global (offices in Geneva, New York, Abidjan)
- Operated by:Â Independent nonprofit organization
The International Service for Human Rights (ISHR) was founded in 1984 to support and protect human rights defenders worldwide. Its mission includes strengthening international and regional human rights systems, providing defenders with strategic legal advice, and ensuring state and corporate accountability.
ISHR delivers tailored training and advocacy support, enabling defenders to use UN and regional human rights mechanisms more effectively. It also leads coalitions, such as the UN Antiracism Coalition, and works with progressive businesses through initiatives like the Business Network on Civic Freedoms.
Legal Advice and Support
Whistleblowers often face legal threats, retaliation, or complex disclosure processes. Access to reliable legal advice is critical to protecting rights, minimizing risks, and ensuring that information reaches the right authorities or the public. The following organizations specialize in whistleblower protections, offering free or low-cost legal support, advocacy, and representation.
1. National Whistleblower Center (NWC)
- Website:Â whistleblowers.org
- Service Type:Â Legal advocacy and policy reform
- Coverage:Â Primarily US
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit legal advocacy group
The National Whistleblower Center (NWC) was founded in 1988 to defend whistleblowers and strengthen protections under US and international law. Its legal team has been involved in landmark cases, such as voiding industry-wide nondisclosure agreements in the nuclear sector and advocating for stronger SEC whistleblower protections.
NWC refers individuals to experienced attorneys, many of whom work on a contingency basis, meaning clients only pay if their case succeeds. Its advocacy has contributed to major reforms, including the SEC’s ban on restrictive corporate nondisclosure agreements and international adoption of qui tam provisions. NWC also trains NGOs and lawmakers worldwide, providing expertise that helps shape whistleblower protection laws in multiple countries.
2. The Signals Network (TSN)
- Website:Â thesignalsnetwork.org
- Service Type:Â Legal, security, and holistic support for whistleblowers
- Coverage:Â US and international
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit organization
The Signals Network provides direct legal representation and tailored support for whistleblowers disclosing information in the public interest. Its services extend beyond legal aid to include digital and physical security, mental health support, financial assistance, and media relations.
Through its Whistleblower Protection Program, TSN assists individuals exposing misconduct in sectors ranging from public health to corporate and government accountability. The organization has supported high-profile cases, including Mark MacGann (Uber Files), Anika Navaroli (Twitter and Jan. 6), and Daniel Motaung (Facebook content moderation in Kenya).
3. The Anti-Fraud Coalition (TAF Coalition)
- Website:Â taf.org
- Service Type:Â Legal network and advocacy for fraud cases
- Coverage:Â US
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit coalition of whistleblower attorneys
The Anti-Fraud Coalition, formed in 1986, is a nonprofit network dedicated to defending whistleblowers who expose fraud against the government or financial markets. It connects individuals with more than 450 attorneys specializing in whistleblower law.
Most attorneys in the network operate on a contingency basis, removing upfront financial barriers. The coalition also advocates for strong enforcement of laws such as the False Claims Act, organizes training for attorneys, and provides educational resources for individuals considering disclosures.
4. Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility (PEER)
- Website:Â peer.org
- Service Type:Â Free legal aid and advocacy for public employees
- Coverage:Â US
- Operated by:Â Nonprofit legal organization
PEER provides pro bono legal representation for public employees who expose misconduct in environmental, public health, and scientific fields. Founded over 30 years ago, PEER has defended whistleblowers in federal, state, and local government, often allowing them to remain in service while safely disclosing wrongdoing.
The organization also advises employees on First Amendment rights, civil service protections, and scientific integrity policies. Past victories include securing the reinstatement of US Park Police Chief Teresa Chambers and negotiating the largest government whistleblower settlement to date.
5. Human Rights Law Centre (HRLC)
- Website:Â hrlc.org.au
- Service Type:Â Legal advice and whistleblower protection
- Coverage:Â Australia
- Operated by:Â Independent human rights charity
The Human Rights Law Centre (HRLC), based in Australia, provides free legal advice and representation to whistleblowers through its Whistleblower Project. It helps individuals safely disclose wrongdoing, manage risks of retaliation, and navigate the legal process when disclosures are ignored.
HRLC has a long history of advancing human rights protections in Australia, including cases related to indefinite detention, protest rights, and LGBTIQA+ equality. Its whistleblower project advocates for stronger legal frameworks while offering confidential legal support to those facing dismissal, harassment, or legal threats after speaking out.
Regulatory Bodies
Laws protecting whistleblowers differ widely across countries. Some jurisdictions have strong protections and dedicated agencies, while others lack central oversight or consistent enforcement. Even where agencies exist, investigations can take years, and only certain types of violations may qualify. Before approaching a regulator, whistleblowers should consider consulting a lawyer to understand their rights and potential risks.
Australia
Australia has two main federal regulators for whistleblowing: ASIC, which oversees corporate and financial misconduct, and the NACC, which investigates corruption in the public sector. Both agencies operate independently of the government and offer legal protections for individuals who report wrongdoing.
Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC)
- Website:Â asic.gov.au
- Service Type:Â Corporate, markets, and financial services regulator
- Contact:
- Phone (Australia):Â 1300 300 630
- Phone (International):Â +61 3 5177 5407
- Mail:Â GPO Box 9827, Melbourne VIC 3001, Australia
- Operated by:Â Independent Australian Government body
ASIC regulates companies, financial services, markets, and consumer credit in Australia. It enforces the Corporations Act and other laws, while promoting informed participation in the financial system.
Whistleblowers can report misconduct such as fraud, misleading disclosure, or breaches of financial regulations. Under Australian law, whistleblowers receive protection from retaliation when reporting to ASIC. Reports can be submitted online, by phone, or by mail.
National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC)
- Website:Â nacc.gov.au
- Service Type:Â Anti-corruption investigation and prevention
- Contact:
- Phone (Australia):Â 1300 489 844
- Phone (International):Â +61 2 6105 9600
- Mail:Â GPO Box 605, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- Operated by: Independent Commonwealth agency
The NACC investigates serious or systemic corruption in the Australian Commonwealth public sector. Its jurisdiction covers current and former public officials, as well as any person whose conduct affects public officials’ duties.
Protections for whistleblowers and witnesses include immunity from civil, criminal, or administrative liability for providing information and protection from reprisals. Reporting can be done through an online form, by phone, or by post.
Canada
Whistleblower protections in Canada vary between federal and provincial regulators. Agencies such as the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC) and the Ontario Securities Commission (OSC) provide secure channels for reporting misconduct in financial services and capital markets.
Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC)
- Website:Â canada.ca/fcac
- Service Type:Â Consumer financial protection and oversight
- Contact:
- Phone:Â 1-866-461-3222 (English) | 1-866-461-2232 (French)
- International:Â +1-613-960-4666
- Mail:Â Financial Consumer Agency of Canada, 427 Laurier Avenue West, 5th Floor, Ottawa ON K1R 7Y2
- Operated by:Â Federal government agency
The FCAC supervises federally regulated financial institutions, ensuring banks comply with consumer protection laws and commitments. Its Whistleblowing Program allows current and former bank employees to confidentially report misconduct such as misleading disclosures, coercive sales tactics, or retaliation for raising concerns.
FCAC is required by law to keep whistleblower identities confidential, though information may be shared with law enforcement or other regulators when necessary. Reports are submitted through an online form designed to collect the details required for supervision and potential enforcement.
Ontario Securities Commission (OSC)
- Website:Â osc.ca
- Service Type:Â Capital markets and securities regulator
- Contact:
- Hotline:Â 1-888-672-5553
- Mail: Office of the Whistleblower – Confidential, Ontario Securities Commission, 20 Queen Street West, 22nd Floor, Toronto, ON M5H 3S8
- Operated by:Â Independent Crown agency
The OSC regulates Ontario’s capital markets and enforces the Securities Act and Commodity Futures Act. Its Whistleblower Program allows individuals to report securities law violations, including fraud, insider trading, and market manipulation.
Protections under Ontario law prohibit employer retaliation against whistleblowers. Reports can be submitted anonymously through a lawyer, and protections apply even if a report does not lead to enforcement action.
European Union
The EU has several bodies that oversee compliance with competition law and financial market regulations. Whistleblowers can report anti-competitive conduct to the European Commission or breaches of EU financial law to ESMA, with options for anonymous submissions.
European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA)
- Website:Â esma.europa.eu
- Service Type:Â Financial markets regulator and supervisor
- Contact:
- Online:Â Whistleblowing Secure Inbox
- Mail: Head of Department, Legal & Enforcement – Confidential, ESMA, 201-203 rue de Bercy, CS 80910, 75589 Paris Cedex 12, France
- Operated by:Â EU independent authority
ESMA supervises EU financial markets, ensuring stability, transparency, and investor protection. It was established in 2011 and operates as part of the European System of Financial Supervision.
Whistleblowers can report breaches of EU law, abuse of regulations, or misconduct by entities under ESMA supervision. Reports may be submitted anonymously via a secure platform, which allows two-way communication without revealing the whistleblower’s identity. ESMA also accepts reports of misconduct within its own operations.
European Commission – Competition Policy
- Website:Â competition-policy.ec.europa.eu
- Service Type:Â Enforcement of EU competition law
- Contact:
- Email: comp-whistleblower@ec.europa.eu
- Phone: +32 2 29 74800 (Mon–Fri, 09:00–17:00 CET)
- Online:Â Anonymous encrypted messaging tool
- Operated by:Â European Commission
The European Commission investigates anti-competitive practices, including cartels, bid rigging, abuse of market dominance, and unlawful state aid. Individuals can provide information about past, ongoing, or planned anti-competitive conduct.
Reports can be submitted with full identity disclosure or anonymously through an encrypted intermediary platform, which enables secure two-way communication. Protections under EU law prohibit retaliation, and companies involved in cartels may also apply for leniency through the Commission’s program.
United Kingdom
In the UK, disclosures must be made to the prescribed body responsible for the issue raised in order to qualify for legal protection. For example, concerns about care homes can be reported to the Care Quality Commission, while issues in the charity sector go to the Charity Commission. Going directly to the media usually means whistleblowers lose their rights under UK law.
Charity Commission
- Website:Â gov.uk/charity-commission
- Service Type:Â Oversight of charities in England and Wales
- Contact:Â Online reporting form via the UK Government portal
- Operated by:Â UK Government
The Charity Commission investigates serious wrongdoing in registered charities. Workers and volunteers can report concerns such as misuse of funds, fraud, or governance failures. Reports are confidential, and the Commission prioritizes cases posing the highest risks to public trust.
Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)
- Website:Â fca.org.uk
- Service Type:Â Financial services and markets regulator
- Contact:
- Phone: +44 (0)20 7066 9200 (10 am–3 pm, or leave a message)
- Email:Â whistle@fca.org.uk
- Mail: Intelligence Department (Ref PIDA), Financial Conduct Authority, 12 Endeavour Square, London, E20 1JN
- Online:Â FCA Whistleblowing Online Report Form
- Operated by:Â Independent UK regulator
The FCA regulates more than 42,000 financial firms in the UK. Its whistleblowing team accepts confidential reports from employees, former employees, or individuals with knowledge of misconduct through close relationships.
Whistleblowers can report fraud, market manipulation, and misconduct in financial institutions. Protections under the Public Interest Disclosure Act (PIDA) safeguard individuals from retaliation, and anonymous reports are accepted when submitted through a lawyer.
United States
The US has multiple federal agencies with whistleblower programs, each tied to specific laws. The CFPB covers consumer financial misconduct, while OSHA enforces workplace safety and retaliation protections under more than 20 statutes.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB)
- Website:Â consumerfinance.gov
- Service Type:Â Federal consumer financial regulator
- Contact:
- Phone: 855-695-7974 (CFPB’s Whistleblower Tip Line)
- Email:Â whistleblower@cfpb.gov
- Mail:Â Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, ATTN: Office of Enforcement, WB, 1700 G Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20552
- Operated by:Â US federal agency
The CFPB enforces federal consumer financial laws and oversees banks, credit card issuers, and lenders. Employees and insiders can report violations such as deceptive practices, predatory lending, or breaches of consumer rights.
Submissions are confidential and can be made anonymously. The CFPB reviews every report it receives. While the Bureau can’t guarantee legal protection in all cases, its oversight role makes it a primary channel for financial sector whistleblowing in the US.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Website:Â osha.gov
- Service Type:Â Workplace safety and whistleblower protection
- Contact:
- Phone:Â 1-800-321-6742
- Online:Â OSHA Online Whistleblower Complaint Form
- Operated by:Â US Department of Labor
OSHA enforces workplace safety standards and administers more than 20 federal whistleblower protection laws. These laws cover retaliation cases involving workplace safety, environmental violations, financial misconduct, transportation, and consumer product safety.
Whistleblower complaints must be filed within deadlines ranging from 30 to 180 days, depending on the statute. Complaints cannot be filed anonymously, as OSHA must notify employers during investigations. However, federal law prohibits employers from retaliating against workers who exercise their rights.
Physical Protection and Relocation Assistance
For whistleblowers and human rights defenders facing immediate threats, physical security and relocation can be just as important as legal support. A small number of programs offer safe housing, temporary relocation, or direct protection. These initiatives are usually short-term, with eligibility requirements based on risk level and profession, and they often rely on government or donor funding.
1. Civil Rights Defenders
- Website:Â crd.org
- Service Type:Â Emergency protection and temporary relocation
- Coverage:Â Global (Asia, Africa, Eurasia, Europe, Latin America, MENA, Sweden)
- Operated by:Â Civil Rights Defenders, a Sweden-based NGO
Civil Rights Defenders provides emergency assistance to human rights defenders through its Emergency Fund. Support may include temporary relocation for defenders and their families, legal fees, security training, or physical protections such as reinforced doors or surveillance systems.
Each intervention is based on a threat assessment, with relocations used as a last resort when other safety measures are insufficient. The fund is supported by government bodies, foundations, corporate partnerships, and private donations, giving the NGO flexibility to respond quickly to crises.
2. Justice & Peace Netherlands – Shelter City
- Website:Â justiceandpeace.nl
- Service Type:Â Temporary relocation for human rights defenders
- Coverage:Â Global (Europe, Africa, and Latin America)
- Operated by:Â Justice & Peace Netherlands (NGO)
The Shelter City program provides three-month residencies for human rights defenders under threat. During their stay, participants receive tailored support, rest, and opportunities to connect with international networks.
Eligibility requires a non-violent approach, willingness to return after the stay, conversational English (or limited places in French/Spanish), and the ability to travel independently. Since 2012, Shelter City has hosted over 699 defenders worldwide, with local networks of organizations and citizens providing safe and welcoming environments.
3. Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) – Elisabeth-Selbert-Initiative
- Website:Â ifa.de
- Service Type:Â Temporary relocation and protection grants
- Coverage:Â Global, with relocation in Germany
- Operated by: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen
The Elisabeth-Selbert-Initiative provides relocation grants and protection measures for human rights defenders under threat of violence, arrest, or persecution. Support includes 4–6 month-long stays in Germany or nearby regions, or on-site measures like security upgrades.
The program covers activists from many backgrounds, including journalists, minority rights advocates, women’s rights defenders, and LGBTQIA+ activists. Funding is provided by the German government, and each placement is hosted by a civil society partner organization.
4. Freedom House – Emergency Assistance Program
- Website: freedomhouse.org
- Service Type:Â Emergency grants and protection assistance
- Coverage:Â Global
- Operated by:Â Freedom House, a US-based NGO
Since 2007, Freedom House’s Emergency Assistance Program has provided more than $56 million in direct support to over 13,000 human rights defenders worldwide. Grants cover urgent needs such as relocation, legal fees, or medical care, as well as rapid response advocacy funding for civil society organizations. Funding is provided by the US government and private foundations.
5. International Cities of Refuge Network (ICORN)
- Website: icorn.org
- Service Type:Â Two-year residencies for writers, journalists, and artists at risk
- Coverage:Â Global (Europe, North America, and Latin America)
- Operated by:Â ICORN, Norway-based NGO
ICORN provides two-year residencies for persecuted writers, journalists, and artists who cannot safely continue their work in their home countries. Participants are hosted by member cities, where they receive housing, stipends, and professional networks to continue their creative and journalistic work.
Since 2006, ICORN has relocated more than 300 individuals under threat of imprisonment, violence, or censorship. The program is funded by membership fees, public donors, and foundations, with each host city managing its own support structure.
Media Channels
Independent media outlets play a vital role in holding power to account while protecting the anonymity of their sources. Several major news organizations have developed secure tools and protocols for whistleblowers, making it possible to share information with reduced risk. While no method is 100% safe, these outlets have established reputations for protecting those who come forward.
1. The Guardian
- Website: theguardian.com
- Service Type:Â Independent media outlet
- Coverage:Â Global
- Operated by:Â Guardian Media Group
The Guardian, in partnership with the University of Cambridge, offers a Secure Messaging tool via the Guardian app (available on iOSÂ and Android) to allow sources to safely share tips with journalists. Messages are encrypted and designed to safeguard anonymity, providing an additional layer of protection for whistleblowers.
2. Forbidden Stories
- Website: forbiddenstories.org
- Service Type:Â Investigative journalism network
- Coverage:Â Global
- Operated by:Â Forbidden Stories (France-based non-profit)
Forbidden Stories is an international consortium of journalists dedicated to continuing the investigations of reporters who have been silenced. Its SafeBox Network allows threatened journalists to securely store sensitive material, ensuring that their work will still be published by the network’s global partners if they are imprisoned or killed.
Sources can contact Forbidden Stories through encrypted platforms such as Signal or SecureDrop, preserving anonymity and security. The organization has partnered with more than 100 newsrooms worldwide to ensure investigations reach the public.
3. The Intercept
- Website: theintercept.com
- Service Type:Â Investigative media outlet
- Coverage:Â Global
- Operated by:Â First Look Media (US-based non-profit)
Founded in 2014, The Intercept is known for publishing stories based on sensitive disclosures, including Edward Snowden’s revelations about NSA surveillance. The outlet encourages whistleblowers to share material that exposes corruption or misconduct in government and the private sector.
Sources can connect with reporters through Signal usernames or submit documents using other secure methods. While the choice of method depends on the whistleblower’s risk level, The Intercept maintains strict policies to protect source confidentiality.
4. ProPublica
- Website:Â propublica.org
- Service Type:Â Independent investigative newsroom
- Coverage:Â US, with global investigations
- Operated by:Â ProPublica (US-based non-profit)
ProPublica specializes in deep investigative journalism on topics such as government accountability, health care, immigration, and business misconduct. The newsroom provides an encrypted tip form for sharing documents and information securely.
Tips submitted through the system are end-to-end encrypted, and ProPublica does not publish source identities without consent. The organization advises whistleblowers not to use work devices or networks, as those may be monitored, and instead to submit information through personal, private channels.
Guides, Handbooks, and Training Resources
Beyond hotlines and legal aid, whistleblowers often need clear, practical knowledge to make informed decisions. These guides, toolkits, and training programs provide structured support on everything from digital security to legal rights and advocacy. Most resources are free and accessible worldwide, though some are paid training courses for those needing specialized compliance coverage.
1. Global Cyber Alliance – Cybersecurity Toolkit for Journalists
- Website: gcatoolkit.org/journalists
- Service Type:Â Free cybersecurity toolkit
- Coverage:Â Global
- Cost:Â Free
This toolkit equips journalists, watchdog groups, and small newsrooms with free tools and practical resources to strengthen digital security. Based on best practices from the Center for Internet Security, it helps assess risks, protect sources, and safeguard data. The toolkit is continuously updated to reflect new threats.
2. VinciWorks Whistleblowing Courses
- Website:Â vinciworks.com/courses/whistleblowing
- Service Type:Â Compliance and legal training
- Coverage:Â UK, EU, US
- Cost:Â Paid (varies by course)
VinciWorks provides jurisdiction-specific training courses covering whistleblowing rights and compliance obligations. Courses explain what constitutes whistleblowing, how to make a protected disclosure, and what legal protections apply under UK, EU, and USÂ law. Options include introductory modules, knowledge checks, and sector-specific training (such as finance).
3. Alison.com Free Courses
- Website:Â alison.com
- Service Type:Â Free online training courses
- Coverage:Â Global (with UK and EU emphasis)
- Cost:Â Free
Alison offers several free courses tailored to whistleblowers. Basics of Whistleblowing introduces key concepts, types of whistleblowing, and UK legislation. A separate course explains the EU Whistleblowing Directive, while How to Be an Ethical Whistleblower explores reporting strategies and legal frameworks.
4. Protect – Environmental Whistleblowing Toolkit
- Website: protect-advice.org.uk/environmental-whistleblowing-toolkit
- Service Type:Â Practical and legal guidance on environmental reporting
- Coverage:Â UK focus, relevant internationally
- Cost:Â Free
Developed with input from lawyers, unions, NGOs, and journalists, this toolkit helps individuals safely report environmental wrongdoing. It outlines what qualifies as an environmental concern, where to raise issues, and what legal protections may apply. Interactive features allow users to review content relevant to their situation. Protect also runs a free, confidential advice line, encouraging whistleblowers to seek guidance before acting.
5. Front Line Defenders – Security Handbooks
- Website:Â frontlinedefenders.org/resources
- Service Type:Â Practical manuals for human rights defenders
- Coverage:Â Global
- Cost:Â Free
Front Line Defenders publishes two cornerstone resources: the Workbook on Security and the Protection Handbook for Human Rights Defenders. Both provide practical steps for assessing threats, developing security plans, and improving personal safety. Designed with input from activists in over 50 countries, these guides address both digital and physical risks, offering strategies that can be adapted to local contexts.
Digital Tools to Protect Privacy and Security
Digital security is critical for whistleblowers, journalists, and activists. The right tools can help protect communications, secure files, and reduce the risk of exposure. Below are some widely used, trusted tools that support anonymity, encryption, and safe information sharing.
1. GlobaLeaks
- Website: globaleaks.org
- Type:Â Secure whistleblowing platform software
- Price:Â Free
- Open Source:Â Yes (AGPL 3.0 License)
GlobaLeaks is open-source software that allows organizations to set up secure and anonymous whistleblowing platforms. It is designed with privacy by default, including no IP logging and GDPR-compliant data handling. The platform supports two-way anonymous communication, customizable workflows, and conflict-of-interest safeguards. It has been translated into over 70 languages, making it accessible across regions.
Key Features
- End-to-end encrypted submissions
- ISO 37002:2021 and EU Whistleblower Directive–aligned
- Customizable case management and reporting workflows
- Supports integration with enterprise platforms
2. SecureDrop
- Website: securedrop.org
- Type:Â Whistleblower submission system
- Price:Â Free
- Open Source:Â Yes
SecureDrop is an open-source submission system used by more than 60 major news organizations, including The New York Times and ProPublica. It allows whistleblowers to securely and anonymously share documents with journalists. SecureDrop minimizes metadata, avoids third-party servers, and encrypts data at rest and in transit.
Key Features
- Owned and operated entirely by the receiving newsroom
- No IP logging or browser tracking
- Strong encryption by default
- Independently audited and used in high-risk media environments
3. VPNs (Virtual Private Networks)
- Website: Varies (examples: ExpressVPN, CyberGhost)
- Type:Â Encrypted browsing and censorship bypass tool
- Price:Â Paid (most providers offer subscriptions)
- Open Source:Â Varies
VPNs create an encrypted tunnel between your device and the internet, masking your IP address and protecting your browsing from surveillance. They are especially useful for bypassing censorship, using public Wi-Fi securely, and keeping online activity private. VPNs are widely available, but quality can vary. Independent audits and no-log policies should be checked before use.
Key Features
- Encrypts traffic and hides IP addresses
- Bypasses geographic restrictions and censorship
- Usable under restrictive regimes
- Varying levels of transparency and auditing
4. Signal
- Website: signal.org
- Type:Â Encrypted messaging and calls
- Price:Â Free
- Open Source:Â Yes (Signal Protocol)
Signal is one of the most trusted secure messaging apps, offering end-to-end encryption for texts, calls, and file sharing. It is run by an independent nonprofit funded by grants and donations, not advertising. Signal recently introduced usernames, reducing reliance on phone numbers.
Key Features
- State-of-the-art encryption by default
- Open-source code, independently reviewed
- Minimal data collection
- Works on mobile and desktop
5. Metadata Scrubbers
- Website:Â Varies (examples: Adarsus, Metacleaner)
- Type:Â Document sanitization tools
- Price:Â Free and paid options available
- Open Source:Â Some tools are open source
Metadata scrubbers remove hidden information embedded in digital files, such as author names, location data, timestamps, and tracked changes. For whistleblowers, failing to scrub metadata can reveal their identity unintentionally. Many law firms, NGOs, and journalists rely on these tools before sharing documents.
Key Features
- Removes hidden metadata from text, image, and multimedia files
- Helps prevent unintentional disclosure of identities
- Available as standalone apps or built into document management systems
6. Proton Mail
- Website:Â proton.me/mail
- Type:Â Encrypted email
- Price:Â Free (paid tiers available)
- Open Source:Â Yes, independently audited
Based in Switzerland, Proton Mail offers end-to-end encrypted email with strong legal protections. Emails can be sent securely even to non-Proton users using password-protected messages. Proton Mail is ad-free and funded by subscriptions, ensuring privacy is central to the service.
Key Features
- End-to-end encrypted emails
- Protected under strong Swiss privacy laws
- Open-source encryption libraries
- Free plan available with paid upgrades
7. Tor Browser
- Website: torproject.org
- Type:Â Anonymous web browser
- Price:Â Free
- Open Source:Â Yes
Tor Browser routes your internet traffic through multiple volunteer-run servers, masking your IP address and location. It is widely used by journalists, activists, and others working under surveillance or censorship. Tor also enables access to .onion sites on the dark web.
Key Features
- Anonymizes browsing and hides IP addresses
- Access to censorship-resistant .onion websites
- Free and open source
- Not suited for high-speed streaming or downloads
Plan Ahead for Safety
Whistleblowing is never simple. It carries legal, professional, and personal risks that can follow you for years. But as this guide shows, support exists at every stage, including legal aid, regulatory bodies, relocation programs, media channels, digital security tools, and training resources.
The most important step you can take is preparation. Before you raise a concern, map out your goals, understand the protections available in your jurisdiction, and secure any evidence safely. Set up secure communication channels in advance, know which organizations or regulators you can turn to, and share emergency contacts with people you trust. Having a plan helps you stay one step ahead of retaliation and reduces the chance of costly mistakes.
If you are in crisis, resources and emergency hotlines are available worldwide. With preparation and the right support, you can protect both your safety and your voice.
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