In JavaScript, the Object.prototype.toString() method is used to return a string that can represent the object. The toString() method is automatically inherited by every object which is inherited from Object. Whenever an object is represented as a text value or a string is expected from the object, the toString() method is called automatically.
Syntax:
obj.toString()
If one does not override the toString() method in case of custom objects, the toString() method returns the following:
[object type]
In the above syntax, the type denotes the object type.
Another use of the toString() method is that it can be used to convert base 10 numbers (and even bigInts) to other base numbers.
Syntax:
ExNum.toString(radix);
In the above syntax, the ExNum is an object of the object type number or bigInt and the radix refers to the base the number to is be converted to.
Example 1: The following example shows how the toString() method works when dealing with default object type and custom object type when the toString() method is not overridden.
JavaScript
// Creating a custom object type function ExObjType(n) { this.number = n; } function myFunction() { // Creating an object of the // String class const o = new String('Hello'); console.log(o.toString()); // Creating an object ExObj1 of // custom defined class const ExObj1 = new ExObjType(3); // Returns [object Object] as toString() // not overridden for custom class console.log(ExObj1.toString()); } myFunction(); |
Output:
Hello [object Object]
Example 2: The following example shows how the toString() method works when dealing with custom object type and the toString() method is overridden :
JavaScript
// Creating a custom object type function ExObjType(n) { this.number = n; } // Overriding the toString() method // for ExObjectType ExObjType.prototype.toString = function ExObjToString() { const ans = 'The number related to this object is ' + this.number; return ans; } function myFunction() { // Creating an object ExObj1 of // custom defined class const ExObj1 = new ExObjType(3); // Calling the toString() method // after overriding console.log(ExObj1.toString()); } myFunction(); |
Output:
The number related to this object is 3
Example 3: The following example shows how to use the toString() method to convert base 10 numbers to different base numbers.
JavaScript
function myFunction() { // Creating a constant num1 // with value 12 const num1 = 12; // Converts num1 to a binary form console.log(num1.toString(2)); // Converts num1 to its octal form console.log(num1.toString(8)); // Converts num1 to its base-5 form console.log(num1.toString(5)); } myFunction(); |
Output:
1100 14 22
We have a complete list of Javascript Object methods, to check those please go through this Objects in Javascript article.
We have a Cheat Sheet on Javascript where we covered all the important topics of Javascript to check those please go through Javascript Cheat Sheet-A Basic guide to JavaScript.
