Both are very successful and popular programming languages. Though there are many differences between the both, there are considerable similarities which are given as follows:
1. Both C++ and Java support Object Oriented Programming
OOPs is a modular approach, which allows the data to be applied within a stipulated program area, It also provides the re-usability feature to develop productive logic, which means giving more emphasis on data. It supports classes and objects. Oops, features include:
- Inheritance: the process by which objects of one class can link and share some common properties of objects from another class.
- Polymorphism: Allows us to perform a single action in different ways. It is the process of using a function for more than one purpose.
- Abstraction: It is the act of representing essential features without including the background details.
- Encapsulation.: Wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit.
2. Similar syntax
The syntax of C++ and Java is very similar. The syntax of comments between Java and C++ is identical and most used conditional statements are also similar.
Example:
C++
// C++ program to show similar syntax#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main() { cout<<"Hello World\n"; return 0;} |
Java
//Java program to print Hello Worldimport java.io.*;class GFG { public static void main(String[] args) { // prints Hello World System.out.println(" Hello World "); }} |
Hello World
3. Comments Syntax are identical
Both the single and multiple-line comments are written as //…. and /* …. */ respectively.
Example:
C++
// C++ Program to demonstrate// Comments#include <iostream>using namespace std;// main() is where program execution beginsint main(){ int a = 5, b = 10, sum; sum = a + b; /* This will add the values of a and b and will display the output stored in sum */ cout << sum; return 0;} |
Java
// Java Program to demonstrate// Commentsimport java.io.*;public class GFG { // main() is where program execution begins public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 5, b = 10, sum; sum = a + b; /* This will add the values of a and b and will display the output stored in sum */ System.out.println(sum); }} |
15
4. The loops and conditional statements
The loops (like while, for, etc.) and conditional statements (like if-else, switch, etc.) are similar.
Example:
C++
// C++ program to show Loops// And Conditional Statements#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){ int a = 5, b = 10; if (a > b) cout << a; else cout << b; return 0;} |
Java
// Java program to show use loops// and conditional statementpublic class firstjava { public static void main(String[] args) { // to display the greater number int a = 5, b = 10; if (a > b) System.out.println(a); else System.out.println(b); }} |
10
5. Both have the same arithmetic and relational operators.
Arithmetic operators such as +, -, *, / Relational operators such as >, <, =, != (not equal to)
6. Execution of both the C++ and Java programs starts from the main function
It is the entry point of the execution of the program. However, the function declaration is different, but the name is the same.
Example:
C++
// C Program to show use of main function#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main() { cout << "Hello World\n"; return 0;} |
Java
/*package whatever //do not write package name here */import java.io.*;class GFG { public static void main (String[] args) { System.out.println("GFG!"); }} |
Hello World
7. Similar Statement Ending
Statement in both the C++ and Java programs ends with a semi-colon(;).
Example:
C++
//C++ program statements ends with Semicolons (;)#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){ cout <<"GEEKSFORGEEKS"; return 0;}//This code is contributed by Susobhan AKhuli |
Java
//Java program statements ends with Semicolons (;)import java.io.*;class GFG { public static void main (String[] args) { System.out.println("GEEKSFORGEEKS"); }}//This code is contributed by Susobhan AKhuli |
GEEKSFORGEEKS
8. Both have the same primitive data types
These include datatypes like int, float, char, double, etc. with some differences like the Boolean data type is called boolean in Java but it is called bool in C++.
9. Similar Keywords
Many keywords of both the languages are same. Let us check some of the keywords.
Example:
break, continue, char, double, new, public, private, return, static etc.
10. Both have multi-threading support
Both allow executing multiple threads(sub-processes) simultaneously to achieve multitasking.
11. Areas of Application
C++ is best suitable for developing large software like Library management systems, Employee management systems, Passenger reservation systems, etc. Java can be used to develop all these software but in addition to this Java is best suitable for developing Communication/Internet application software. eg: Network protocols, Internet programs, Web pages, Web browsers, etc.
