Given an array arr[] of N positive elements, the task is to find whether it is possible to convert this array into Geometric Progression (GP) by removing at-most one element. If yes, then find index of the number removing which converts the array into a geometric progression.
Special Cases :
1) If whole array is already in GP, then return any index.
2) If it is not possible to convert array into GP, then print “Not possible”.
Examples:
Input : arr[] = [2, 4, 8, 24, 16, 32] Output : 3 Number to remove is arr[3], i.e., 24 After removing 24 array will be [2, 4, 8, 16, 32] which is a GP with starting value 2 and common ratio 2. Input : arr[] = [2, 8, 30, 60] Output : Not Possible
We can solve this problem by handling some special cases and then finding the pivot element, removing which makes array a GP. First we will check that our pivot element is first or second element, if not then the multiplier between them will be common ration of our GP, if yes then we found our solution.
Once we get common ratio of GP, we can check array element with this ratio, if this ratio violates at some index, then we skip this element and check from next index whether it is a continuation of previous GP or not.
In below code a method isGP is implemented which checks array to be GP after removing element at index ‘index’. This method is written for special case handling of first, second and last element.
Please see below code for better understanding.
C++
// C++ program to find the element removing which // complete array becomes a GP #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; #define EPS 1e-6 // Utility method to compare two double values bool fEqual( double a, double b) { return ( abs (a - b) < EPS); } // Utility method to check, after deleting arr[ignore], // remaining array is GP or not bool isGP( double arr[], int N, int ignore) { double last = -1; double ratio = -1; for ( int i = 0; i < N; i++) { // check ratio only if i is not ignore if (i != ignore) { // last will be -1 first time if (last != -1) { // ratio will be -1 at first time if (ratio == -1) ratio = ( double )arr[i] / last; // if ratio is not constant return false else if (!fEqual(ratio, ( double )arr[i] / last)) return false ; } last = arr[i]; } } return true ; } // method return value removing which array becomes GP int makeGPbyRemovingOneElement( double arr[], int N) { /* solving special cases separately */ // Try removing first element if (isGP(arr, N, 0)) return 0; // Try removing second element if (isGP(arr, N, 1)) return 1; // Try removing last element if (isGP(arr, N, N-1)) return (N-1); /* now we know that first and second element will be part of our GP so getting constant ratio of our GP */ double ratio = ( double )arr[1]/arr[0]; for ( int i = 2; i < N; i++) { if (!fEqual(ratio, ( double )arr[i]/arr[i-1])) { /* At this point, we know that elements from arr[0] to arr[i-1] are in GP. So arr[i] is the element removing which may make GP. We check if removing arr[i] actually makes it GP or not. */ return (isGP(arr+i-2, N-i+2, 2))? i : -1; } } return -1; } // Driver code to test above method int main() { double arr[] = {2, 4, 8, 30, 16}; int N = sizeof (arr) / sizeof (arr[0]); int index = makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N); if (index == -1) cout << "Not possible\n" ; else cout << "Remove " << arr[index] << " to get geometric progression\n" ; return 0; } |
Java
// Java program to find the element removing which // complete array becomes a GP import java.util.*; class GFG { final static double EPS = ( double ) 1e- 6 ; // Utility method to compare two double values static boolean fEqual( double a, double b) { return (Math.abs(a - b) < EPS); } // Utility method to check, after deleting arr[ignore], // remaining array is GP or not static boolean isGP( double [] arr, int N, int ignore) { double last = - 1 ; double ratio = - 1 ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < N; i++) { // check ratio only if i is not ignore if (i != ignore) { // last will be -1 first time if (last != - 1 ) { // ratio will be -1 at first time if (ratio == - 1 ) ratio = ( double ) arr[i] / last; // if ratio is not constant return false else if (!fEqual(ratio, ( double ) arr[i] / last)) return false ; } last = arr[i]; } } return true ; } // method return value removing which array becomes GP static int makeGPbyRemovingOneElement( double [] arr, int N) { /* solving special cases separately */ // Try removing first element if (isGP(arr, N, 0 )) return 0 ; // Try removing second element if (isGP(arr, N, 1 )) return 1 ; // Try removing last element if (isGP(arr, N, N - 1 )) return (N - 1 ); /* * now we know that first and second element will be * part of our GP so getting constant ratio of our GP */ double ratio = ( double ) arr[ 1 ] / arr[ 0 ]; for ( int i = 2 ; i < N; i++) { if (!fEqual(ratio, ( double ) arr[i] / arr[i - 1 ])) { /* * At this podouble, we know that elements from arr[0] * to arr[i-1] are in GP. Soarr[i] is the element * removing which may make GP. We check if removing * arr[i] actually makes it GP or not. */ double [] temp = new double [N - i + 2 ]; int k = 0 ; for ( int j = i - 2 ; j < N; j++) { temp[k++] = arr[j]; } return (isGP(temp, N - i + 2 , 2 )) ? i : - 1 ; } } return - 1 ; } // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) { double arr[] = { 2 , 4 , 8 , 30 , 16 }; int N = arr.length; int index = makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N); if (index == - 1 ) System.out.println( "Not possible" ); else System.out.println( "Remove " + arr[index] + " to get geometric progression" ); } } // This code is contributed by // sanjeev2552 |
Python3
# Python program to find the element removing which # complete array becomes a GP EPS = 1e - 7 # Utility method to compare two double values def fEqual(a, b): return abs (a - b) < EPS # Utility method to check, after deleting arr[ignore], # remaining array is GP or not def isGP(arr, N, ignore): last = - 1 ratio = - 1 for i in range (N): # check ratio only if i is not ignore if i ! = ignore: # last will be -1 first time if last ! = - 1 : # ratio will be -1 at first time if ratio = = - 1 : ratio = arr[i] / last # if ratio is not constant return false else if not fEqual(ratio, arr[i] / last): return False last = arr[i] return True # Method return value removing which array becomes GP def makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N): # Solving special cases separately # Try removing first element if isGP(arr, N, 0 ): return 0 # Try removing second element if isGP(arr, N, 1 ): return 1 # Try removing last element if isGP(arr, N, N - 1 ): return N - 1 # now we know that first and second element will be # part of our GP so getting constant ratio of our GP ratio = arr[ 1 ] / arr[ 0 ] for i in range ( 2 , N): if not fEqual(ratio, arr[i] / arr[i - 1 ]): # At this point, we know that elements from arr[0] # to arr[i-1] are in GP. So arr[i] is the element # removing which may make GP. We check if removing # arr[i] actually makes it GP or not. return i if isGP(arr[i - 2 :], N - i + 2 , 2 ) else - 1 return - 1 # Driver Code if __name__ = = "__main__" : arr = [ 2 , 4 , 8 , 30 , 16 ] N = len (arr) index = makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N) if index = = - 1 : print ( "Not Possible" ) else : print ( "Remove %d to get geometric progression" % arr[index]) # This code is contributed by # sanjeev2552 |
C#
// C# program to find the element // removing which complete array // becomes a GP using System; class GFG{ static double EPS = ( double )1e-6; // Utility method to compare two // double values static bool fEqual( double a, double b) { return (Math.Abs(a - b) < EPS); } // Utility method to check, after // deleting arr[ignore], remaining // array is GP or not static bool isGP( double [] arr, int N, int ignore) { double last = -1; double ratio = -1; for ( int i = 0; i < N; i++) { // Check ratio only if i is not ignore if (i != ignore) { // last will be -1 first time if (last != -1) { // ratio will be -1 at first time if (ratio == -1) ratio = ( double )arr[i] / last; // If ratio is not constant return false else if (!fEqual(ratio, ( double ) arr[i] / last)) return false ; } last = arr[i]; } } return true ; } // Method return value removing // which array becomes GP static int makeGPbyRemovingOneElement( double [] arr, int N) { // Solving special cases separately // Try removing first element if (isGP(arr, N, 0)) return 0; // Try removing second element if (isGP(arr, N, 1)) return 1; // Try removing last element if (isGP(arr, N, N - 1)) return (N - 1); // Now we know that first and second // element will be part of our GP so // getting constant ratio of our GP double ratio = ( double ) arr[1] / arr[0]; for ( int i = 2; i < N; i++) { if (!fEqual(ratio, ( double )arr[i] / arr[i - 1])) { // At this podouble, we know that // elements from arr[0] to arr[i-1] // are in GP. Soarr[i] is the element // removing which may make GP. We check // if removing arr[i] actually makes // it GP or not. double [] temp = new double [N - i + 2]; int k = 0; for ( int j = i - 2; j < N; j++) { temp[k++] = arr[j]; } return (isGP(temp, N - i + 2, 2)) ? i : -1; } } return -1; } // Driver Code public static void Main( string [] args) { double []arr = { 2, 4, 8, 30, 16 }; int N = arr.Length; int index = makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N); if (index == -1) Console.Write( "Not possible" ); else Console.Write( "Remove " + arr[index] + " to get geometric progression" ); } } // This code is contributed by rutvik_56 |
Javascript
// JavaScript program to find the element removing which // complete ar4ray becomes a GP let EPS = 1e-5; // Utility method to compare two double values function fEqual(a, b) { return Math.abs(Math.fround(a) - Math.fround(b)) < Math.fround(EPS); } // Utility method to check, after deleting arr[ignore], // remaining array is GP or not function isGP(arr, N, ignore) { var last = -1, ratio = -1; for ( var i = 0; i < N; i++) { // check ratio only if i is not ignore if (i != ignore) { // last will be -1 first time if (last != -1) { // ratio will be -1 at first time if (ratio == -1) ratio = (arr[i] / last); // if ratio is not constant return false else if (!(fEqual(ratio, arr[i] / last))) return false ; } last = arr[i]; } } return true ; } // Method return value removing which array becomes GP function makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N) { // Solving special cases separately // Try removing first element if (isGP(arr, N, 0)) return 0; // Try removing second element if (isGP(arr, N, 1)) return 1; // Try removing last element if (isGP(arr, N, N - 1)) return N - 1; // now we know that first and second element will be // part of our GP so getting constant ratio of our GP var ratio = parseFloat(arr[1] / arr[0]); for ( var i = 2; i < N; i++) { if (!fEqual(ratio, arr[i] / arr[i - 1])) { // At this point, we know that elements from arr[0] // to arr[i-1] are in GP. So arr[i] is the element // removing which may make GP. We check if removing // arr[i] actually makes it GP or not. if (isGP(arr.slice(i - 2), N - i + 2, 2)) return i return -1; } } return -1 } // Driver Code let arr = [2, 4, 8, 30, 16]; let N = arr.length; let index = makeGPbyRemovingOneElement(arr, N) if (index == -1) console.log( "Not Possible" ) else console.log( "Remove" , arr[index], "to get geometric progression" ); // This code is contributed by phasing17 |
Output:
Remove 30 to get geometric progression
If you like neveropen and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using write.neveropen.co.uk or mail your article to review-team@neveropen.co.uk. See your article appearing on the neveropen main page and help other Geeks.
Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.
Ready to dive in? Explore our Free Demo Content and join our DSA course, trusted by over 100,000 neveropen!