In Python, we can define the variable outside the class, inside the class, and even inside the methods. Let’s see, how to use and access these variables throughout the program.
Variable defined outside the class:
The variables that are defined outside the class can be accessed by any class or any methods in the class by just writing the variable name.
# Program to demonstrate 'Variable # defined outside the class' # Variable defined outside the class.outVar = 'outside_class' print("Outside_class1", outVar) ''' Class one '''class Geek: print("Outside_class2", outVar) def access_method(self): print("Outside_class3", outVar) # Calling method by creating objectuac = Geek()uac.access_method() ''' Class two '''class Another_Geek_class: print("Outside_class4", outVar) def another_access_method(self): print("Outside_class5", outVar) # Calling method by creating objectuaac = Another_Geek_class()uaac.another_access_method() |
Outside_class1 outside_class Outside_class2 outside_class Outside_class3 outside_class Outside_class4 outside_class Outside_class5 outside_class
Variable defined inside the class:
The variables that are defined inside the class but outside the method can be accessed within the class(all methods included) using the instance of a class. For Example – self.var_name.
If you want to use that variable even outside the class, you must declared that variable as a global. Then the variable can be accessed using its name inside and outside the class and not using the instance of the class.
# Program to demonstrate 'Variable # defined inside the class' # print("Inside_class1", inVar) # Error ''' Class one'''class Geek: # Variable defined inside the class. inVar = 'inside_class' print("Inside_class2", inVar) def access_method(self): print("Inside_class3", self.inVar) uac = Geek()uac.access_method() ''' Class two '''class another_Geek_class: print()# print("Inside_class4", inVar) # Error def another_access_method(self): print()# print("Inside_class5", inVar) # Error uaac = another_Geek_class()uaac.another_access_method() |
Inside_class2 inside_class Inside_class3 inside_class
The statements which are marked as error will produce an error upon execution as the variable is not accessible there.
Variable defined inside the method:
The variables that are defined inside the methods can be accessed within that method only by simply using the variable name. Example – var_name.
If you want to use that variable outside the method or class, you have to declared that variable as a global.
# Program to demonstrate 'Variable # defined inside the method' # print("Inside_method1", inVar) # Error '''class one'''class Geek: print()# print("Inside_method2", inVar) # Error def access_method(self): # Variable defined inside the method. inVar = 'inside_method' print("Inside_method3", inVar) uac = Geek()uac.access_method() '''class two'''class AnotherGeek: print()# print("Inside_method4", inVar) # Error def access_method(self): print()# print("Inside_method5", inVar) # Error uaac = AnotherGeek()uaac.access_method() |
Inside_method3 inside_method
The statements which are marked as error will produce error upon execution as the variable is not accessible there.
Summary:
