Selenium is a portable framework for testing web applications. Selenium provides a playback tool for authoring functional tests without the need to learn a test scripting language. Before Going Ahead Please refer to this page if you had not installed Selenium. This article revolves around Locators in Selenium and various strategies.
Contents
- Webdriver
- Getting Source of a Web-Page/URL
- Locating Elements By
- Entering Input in an Input Field Using Selenium Script
- Locating Submit Button
- Complete Code to Demonstrate Login Into Facebook
Webdriver
Selenium WebDriver drives a browser natively, as a real user would, either locally or on remote machines. To start a web browser python selenium Module Needs webdriver. One can download it from here for chromium browser
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate# Webdriver For Firefoxfrom selenium import webdriverdriver = webdriver.Firefox()driver.get("https://mbasic.facebook.com") |
How to Use Other Webdriver
Python3
# Firefox driver = webdriver.Firefox()# Google Chrome driver = webdriver.Chrome() |
Getting Source of a Web-Page/URL
By Using this one can get the complete page source/code of current opened URL/Web-Page.
Python3
# Python program Continued# Webdriver For Firefoxfrom selenium import webdriverdriver = webdriver.Chrome()driver.get("https://mbasic.facebook.com")html = driver.page_source # Getting Source of Current URL / Web-Page Loadedprint(html)# End |
Output: 
One Need to Go Through the Source Code Of the Page To Create Selenium Automated Script
For Example :- 
Locating Elements By :-
1. Id
HTML Elements have some attribute “id” which can be used to Locate Those Elements. For Example :- Finding Input Box For Email Field
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Input Box For Email Field# Go Through the Screen Shot Above or Page Sourcedriver.find_element_by_id("m_login_email") # End |
2. Name
HTML Elements Have attribute “name” associated with them which can be used to Locate Those Elements. For Example :- Finding Input Box For Password Field
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Input Box For Password Field# Go Through the Screen Shot Above or Page Sourcedriver.find_element_by_name("pass") # End |
3. Link Text
HTML Elements which are actually a Link To another Page can be Located using that particular Link Text. For Example :- Finding Forgotten Password Link Field
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Forgotten Password Link Fielddriver.find_element_by_link_text("Forgotten password?")# End |
4. Partial Link Text
HTML Elements which are actually a Link To another Page can be Located using that particular Partial Link Text. For Example :- Finding Forgotten Password Link Field
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Forgotten Password Link Fielddriver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("Forgotten password?")# End |
5. XPath
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using this For Example :- Find Email and Password Input Field
Python3
# Python program Continued# Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Password# Reference for Form Findingform = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']")# Emailemail = form.find_element_by_name("email") # Passwordpassword = form.find_element_by_name("pass") # End |
6. Tag Name
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using Tag Name For Example :- Finding Elements by using tag name like Title, Head, Body, Html, a, div, etc.
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Title of Facebook Login Page# Output will be "Facebook - log in or sign up"title = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("title") print(title)# End |
7. CSS Selector
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using CSS For Example :- Finding Elements by using Class, style, etc.
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Password Input Field Using Class Name "bl bm bo bp"password = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('input.bl.bm.bo.bp')# End |
8. Class Name
HTML Elements can be Easily Found by using Class name For Example :- Finding Elements by using Class Name.
Python3
# Python program Continued# Finding Password Input Field Using Class Name "bl bm bo bp"password = driver.find_element_by_class_name('bl bm bo bp')# End |
9. Entering Input in an Input Field Using Selenium Script
It is Used to Insert Input into Input Field Using inbuilt Function send_keys.
Python3
# Python program Continued # Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Password# Reference for Form Findingform = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']") email = form.find_element_by_name("email") password = form.find_element_by_name("pass") # Inserting("abc@gmail.com") in the Email Input Fieldemail.send_keys("singh.swaraj1999@gmail.com") # Inserting("Your Facebook Password") in the Password Input Field password.send_keys("Your Facebook Password") # End |
10. Locating Submit Button
It is Used to Locate the Submit Button Which is used to submit a form
Python3
# Python program Continued # Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Passwordform = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']") email = form.find_element_by_name("email") password = form.find_element_by_name("pass") email.send_keys("singh.swaraj1999@gmail.com") password.send_keys("Your Facebook Password") # Locating Submit Buttonsubmit_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@type ='submit']") submit_button.click() # Button Click# End |
Output:- 
11. Complete Code to Demonstrate Login Into Facebook
Python3
# Python program to demonstrate Facebook Loginfrom selenium import webdriverdriver = webdriver.Firefox() driver.get("https://mbasic.facebook.com") # Creating a Reference of Form For Finding Email and Passwordform = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id ='login_form']")email = form.find_element_by_name("email") password = form.find_element_by_name("pass")email.send_keys("singh.swaraj1999@gmail.com")password.send_keys("Your Facebook Password") submit_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@type ='submit']")submit_button.click() # Error Password in Output# Because i had not used my real password here# End |
Output:- 
