Prerequisites : Introduction to tkinter | Find current weather of any city
Python offers multiple options for developing GUI (Graphical User Interface). Out of all the GUI methods, tkinter is the most commonly used method. It is a standard Python interface to the Tk GUI toolkit shipped with Python. Python with tkinter outputs the fastest and easiest way to create the GUI applications. Now, it’s upto the imagination or necessity of developer, what he/she want to develop using this toolkit.
To create a tkinter :
- Importing the module – tkinter
- Create the main window (container)
- Add any number of widgets to the main window.
- Apply the event Trigger on the widgets.
Let’s create a GUI based simple Real-time Weather detection application which can give Weather details of any cities.
Modules required:
tkinter requests json
Below is the implementation :
Python3
# import all functions from the tkinter from tkinter import * from tkinter import messagebox# function to find weather details# of any city using openweathermap apidef tell_weather() : # import required modules import requests, json # enter your api key here api_key = "Your_API_key" # base_url variable to store url # take a city name from city_field entry box city_name = city_field.get() # complete_url variable to store complete url address complete_url = base_url + "appid =" + api_key + "&q =" + city_name # get method of requests module # return response object response = requests.get(complete_url) # json method of response object convert # json format data into python format data x = response.json() # now x contains list of nested dictionaries # we know dictionary contains key value pair # check the value of "cod" key is equal to "404" # or not if not that means city is found # otherwise city is not found if x["cod"] != "404" : # store the value of "main" key in variable y y = x["main"] # store the value corresponding to the "temp" key of y current_temperature = y["temp"] # store the value corresponding to the "pressure" key of y current_pressure = y["pressure"] # store the value corresponding to the "humidity" key of y current_humidity = y["humidity"] # store the value of "weather" key in variable z z = x["weather"] # store the value corresponding to the "description" key # at the 0th index of z weather_description = z[0]["description"] # insert method inserting the # value in the text entry box. temp_field.insert(15, str(current_temperature) + " Kelvin") atm_field.insert(10, str(current_pressure) + " hPa") humid_field.insert(15, str(current_humidiy) + " %") desc_field.insert(10, str(weather_description) ) # if city is not found else : # message dialog box appear which # shows given Error message messagebox.showerror("Error", "City Not Found \n" "Please enter valid city name") # clear the content of city_field entry box city_field.delete(0, END)# Function for clearing the # contents of all text entry boxes def clear_all() : city_field.delete(0, END) temp_field.delete(0, END) atm_field.delete(0, END) humid_field.delete(0, END) desc_field.delete(0, END) # set focus on the city_field entry box city_field.focus_set() # Driver codeif __name__ == "__main__" : # Create a GUI window root = Tk() # set the name of tkinter GUI window root.title("Gui Application") # Set the background colour of GUI window root.configure(background = "light green") # Set the configuration of GUI window root.geometry("425x175") # Create a Weather Gui Application label headlabel = Label(root, text = "Weather Gui Application", fg = 'black', bg = 'red') # Create a City name : label label1 = Label(root, text = "City name : ", fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green') # Create a City name : label label2 = Label(root, text = "Temperature :", fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green') # Create a atm pressure : label label3 = Label(root, text = "atm pressure :", fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green') # Create a humidity : label label4 = Label(root, text = "humidity :", fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green') # Create a description :label label5 = Label(root, text = "description :", fg = 'black', bg = 'dark green') # grid method is used for placing # the widgets at respective positions # in table like structure . headlabel.grid(row = 0, column = 1) label1.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky ="E") label2.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky ="E") label3.grid(row = 4, column = 0, sticky ="E") label4.grid(row = 5, column = 0, sticky ="E") label5.grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky ="E") # Create a text entry box # for filling or typing the information. city_field = Entry(root) temp_field = Entry(root) atm_field = Entry(root) humid_field = Entry(root) desc_field = Entry(root) # grid method is used for placing # the widgets at respective positions # in table like structure . # ipadx keyword argument set width of entry space . city_field.grid(row = 1, column = 1, ipadx ="100") temp_field.grid(row = 3, column = 1, ipadx ="100") atm_field.grid(row = 4, column = 1, ipadx ="100") humid_field.grid(row = 5, column = 1, ipadx ="100") desc_field.grid(row = 6, column = 1, ipadx ="100") # Create a Submit Button and attached # to tell_weather function button1 = Button(root, text = "Submit", bg = "red", fg = "black", command = tell_weather) # Create a Clear Button and attached # to clear_all function button2 = Button(root, text = "Clear", bg = "red", fg = "black", command = clear_all) # grid method is used for placing # the widgets at respective positions # in table like structure . button1.grid(row = 2, column = 1) button2.grid(row = 7, column = 1) # Start the GUI root.mainloop() |
Output :
