Prerequisite: BeautifulSoup Installation
In this article, we will scrape a quote and details of the author from this site http//quotes.toscrape.com using python framework called BeautifulSoup and develop a guessing game using different data structures and algorithm.
The user will be given 4 chances to guess the author of a famous quote, In every chance the user will be provided with a hint which can be the author’s birth date, first name’s first letter, second name’s first letter, etc. On successfully guessing the author, a message is printed and if the user fails to guess the answer even after all the 4 chances then again a message is printed along with the answer.
Approach
- Import module
- requests help us grab the page, when the response is received it is stored in the form of a string
- bs4 library is used to create beasutifulSoup object.
- csv library helps reading and writing CSV files using python
- sleep function from time module helps add delay in the execution of the program.
- choice function from random module returns a random element.
- Create a list to store values scraped
- Scrape the details from this link: http//quotes.toscrape.com
- Extract data
- Game logic
- Return random items from the dictionary created
- Set number of guesses
- Write message for success and failure
- Keep giving hints until either number of chances reach zero or the user gets it right
Program:
Python3
import requestsfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupfrom csv import writerfrom time import sleepfrom random import choice# list to store scraped dataall_quotes = []# this part of the url is constant# this part of the url will keep changingurl = "/page/1"while url: # concatenating both urls # making request res = requests.get(f"{base_url}{url}") print(f"Now Scraping{base_url}{url}") soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser") # extracting all elements quotes = soup.find_all(class_="quote") for quote in quotes: all_quotes.append({ "text": quote.find(class_="text").get_text(), "author": quote.find(class_="author").get_text(), "bio-link": quote.find("a")["href"] }) next_btn = soup.find(_class="next") url = next_btn.find("a")["href"] if next_btn else None sleep(2)quote = choice(all_quotes)remaining_guesses = 4print("Here's a quote: ")print(quote["text"])guess = ''while guess.lower() != quote["author"].lower() and remaining_guesses > 0: guess = input( f"Who said this quote? Guesses remaining {remaining_guesses}") if guess == quote["author"]: print("CONGRATULATIONS!!! YOU GOT IT RIGHT") break remaining_guesses -= 1 if remaining_guesses == 3: res = requests.get(f"{base_url}{quote['bio-link']}") soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser") birth_date = soup.find(class_="author-born-date").get_text() birth_place = soup.find(class_="author-born-location").get_text() print( f"Here's a hint: The author was born on {birth_date}{birth_place}") elif remaining_guesses == 2: print( f"Here's a hint: The author's first name starts with: {quote['author'][0]}") elif remaining_guesses == 1: last_initial = quote["author"].split(" ")[1][0] print( f"Here's a hint: The author's last name starts with: {last_initial}") else: print( f"Sorry, you ran out of guesses. The answer was {quote['author']}") |
Output:
Time Complexity:
The time complexity of this code is O(N) because the while loop is iterating over quotes list N times.
Space Complexity:
The space complexity of this code is O(N) because the all_quotes list is storing N number of elements.
