The Arcade library is a modern Python Module used widely for developing 2D video games with compelling graphics and sound. Arcade is an object-oriented library. It can be installed like any other Python Package. Now, it’s up to the necessity of the developer, what type of game, graphics, and sound he/she wants to use using this toolkit. So, in this article, we will learn how to make an object jump with gravity using the Arcade library in Python. And for understanding that concept, let’s take an example of a robust ball.
Following are the steps:
Step 1: Import arcade module .
import arcade
Step 2: Define parameters of the output screen.
# Size of the screen WIDTH = 600 HEIGHT = 600 TITLE = "Robust Ball "
Step 3: Define the radius of the ball.
# Size of the ball. BALL_RADIUS = 50
Step 4: Define the value of gravitational constant.
# gravity GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT = 0.3
Step 5: Define a bouncing velocity for the ball.
# Percent of velocity maintained on a bounce. BOUNCE = 0.9
Step 6: Define a function to draw a ball using arcade.draw_circle_filled() .
Python3
def draw(_delta_time): # Start the render. arcade.start_render() # Draw ball arcade.draw_circle_filled(draw.x, draw.y, BALL_RADIUS, arcade.color.RED) draw.x += draw.delta_x draw.y += draw.delta_y draw.delta_y -= GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT |
Step 7: Define function to Figure out if we hit the left or right edge so that we can reverse.
Python3
# Figure out if we hit the left or # right edge and need to reverse. if draw.x < BALL_RADIUS and draw.delta_x < 0: draw.delta_x *= -BOUNCE elif draw.x > WIDTH - BALL_RADIUS and draw.delta_x > 0: draw.delta_x *= -BOUNCE |
Step 8: Also, Define function to Figure out if we hit the bottom so that we can reverse.
Python3
# See if we hit the bottom if draw.y < BALL_RADIUS and draw.delta_y < 0: if draw.delta_y * -1 > GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT * 15: draw.delta_y *= -BOUNCE else: draw.delta_y *= -BOUNCE / 2 |
Step 9: Use the above defined function and provide input to them.
Python3
draw.x = BALL_RADIUS draw.y = HEIGHT draw.delta_x = 3draw.delta_y = 3 |
Step 10: Last and foremost step is to define the main function that contains arcade function to assign output window a proper width, height and title.
Python3
def main(): # Open up our window arcade.open_window(WIDTH, HEIGHT, TITLE) arcade.set_background_color(arcade.color.GREEN) # Tell the computer to call the draw # command at the specified interval. arcade.schedule(draw, 1 / 80) # Run the program arcade.run() # When done running the program, close the window. arcade.close_window() main() |
Complete Code for better Understanding:
Python3
import arcade # Size of the screen WIDTH = 600HEIGHT = 600TITLE = "Robust Ball " # Size of the circle. BALL_RADIUS = 50 # How strong the gravity is. GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT = 0.3 # Percent of velocity maintained on a bounce. BOUNCE = 0.9 def draw(_delta_time): # Start the render. arcade.start_render() # Draw ball arcade.draw_circle_filled(draw.x, draw.y, BALL_RADIUS, arcade.color.RED) draw.x += draw.delta_x draw.y += draw.delta_y draw.delta_y -= GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT # Figure out if we hit the left or # right edge and need to reverse. if draw.x < BALL_RADIUS and draw.delta_x < 0: draw.delta_x *= -BOUNCE elif draw.x > WIDTH - BALL_RADIUS and draw.delta_x > 0: draw.delta_x *= -BOUNCE # See if we hit the bottom if draw.y < BALL_RADIUS and draw.delta_y < 0: if draw.delta_y * -1 > GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT * 15: draw.delta_y *= -BOUNCE else: draw.delta_y *= -BOUNCE / 2 draw.x = BALL_RADIUS draw.y = HEIGHT draw.delta_x = 3draw.delta_y = 3 def main(): # Open up our window arcade.open_window(WIDTH, HEIGHT, TITLE) arcade.set_background_color(arcade.color.GREEN) # Tell the computer to call the draw command # at the specified interval. arcade.schedule(draw, 1 / 80) # Run the program arcade.run() # When done running the program, close the window. arcade.close_window() main() |
Output:-
